Pernyataan perang

Presiden Amerika Serikat Franklin D. Roosevelt menandatangani deklarasi perang terhadap Nazi Jerman pada 11 Desember 1941.

Pernyataan perang adalah tindakan resmi ketika suatu negara mulai berperang melawan yang lain. Pernyataan bisa dilakukan lewat pidato atau secara tertulis oleh orang yang telah diberikan wewenang dalam pemerintahan, dan hasilnya adalah keadaan perang antara dua negara atau lebih.

Pertanyaan mengenai siapa yang berwenang menyatakan perang tidak bisa dijawab secara umum dan tergantung pada hukum negaranya. Banyak negara memberikan wewenang ini kepada kepala negara atau penguasa.

Sejak tahun 1945, hukum internasional (seperti Piagam PBB) melarang penggunaan kekuatan dan juga ancaman penggunaan kekuatan dalam konflik internasional.[1] Dewan Keamanan PBB berdasarkan Pasal 24 dan 25 dan Bab VII Piagam PBB dapat mengizinkan tindakan kolektif untuk mempertahankan atau menegakkan perdamaian dan keamanan internasional. Pasal 51 Piagam Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (PBB) juga menyatakan bahwa negara punya hak untuk mempertahankan diri jika serangan bersenjata telah terjadi.[2]

Referensi

  1. ^ "Waging war: Parliament's role and responsibility" (PDF). House of Lords. 27 July 2006. Diakses tanggal 21 April 2008. Developments in international law since 1945, notably the United Nations (UN) Charter, including its prohibition on the threat or use of force in international relations, may well have made the declaration of war redundant as a formal international legal instrument (unlawful recourse to force does not sit happily with an idea of legal equality). 
  2. ^ "Charter of the United Nations". Wikisource. Diakses tanggal April 1, 2019. 

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