Perang Saudara Lituania (1389–1392)

Perang Saudara Lituania (1389–92)

Peta konflik Ordo Teutonik dengan Lituania dan Polandia
Tanggal1389–92
LokasiPrusia, Keharyapatihan Lituania
Hasil Perjanjian Ostrów; Jogaila menjadi Adipati Tertinggi dan Vytautas Haryapatih
Pihak terlibat

Ordo Teutonik

Samogitia
Kepangeranan-kepangeranan Rus'

Keharyapatihan Lituania

Kerajaan Polandia
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Vytautas
Conrad Zöllner von Rothenstein
Konrad von Wallenrode		 Wladyslaw Jogaila
Skirgaila

Perang Saudara Lituania 1389–92 adalah perang saudara kedua yang berlangsung antara Raja Polandia dan haryapatih Lituania Jogaila melawan sepupunya, Vytautas. Perang ini dipicu oleh perebutan kekuasaan di Keharyapatihan Lituania yang pada saat itu merupakan negara terbesar di Eropa.[1] Jogaila telah dimahkotai sebagai Raja Polandia pada tahun 1386 dan ia mengangkat saudaranya Skirgaila sebagai penguasa Lituania. Skirgaila tidak disukai oleh banyak orang dan Vytautas mencoba menjatuhkannya. Setelah upaya pertamanya untuk merebut ibu kota Lituania di Vilnius gagal, Vytautas bersekutu dengan Ordo Teutonik yang sebelumnya merupakan musuh bersama Lituania - hal serupa pernah dilakukan oleh kedua belah pihak selama Perang Saudara Lituania dari tahun 1381 hingga 1384. Vytautas dan Ordo Teutonik melancarkan pengepungan Vilnius pada tahun 1390, tetapi mengalami kegagalan. Setelah dua tahun berperang, tampak jelas bahwa kedua belah pihak tidak dapat mencapai kemenangan dengan mudah, sehingga Jogaila mengusulkan kompromi: Vytautas akan menjadi haryapatih dan Jogaila tetap menjadi Adipati Tertinggi. Usulan ini diresmikan oleh Perjanjian Ostrów pada tahun 1392 dan Vytautas lalu berbalik melawan para ksatria Teutonik. Vytautas berkuasa sebagai haryapatih Lituania selama 38 tahun dan tetap berdamai dengan Jogaila.

Referensi

  1. ^ Sruogienė-Sruoga, Vanda (Winter 1987). "Jogaila (1350–1434)". Lituanus. 4 (33). ISSN 0024-5089. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-09-20. Diakses tanggal 2017-07-07. 
  • Kiaupa, Zigmantas; Kiaupienė, Jūratė; Kunevičius, Albinas (2000). The History of Lithuania Before 1795. Vilnius: Lithuanian Institute of History. hlm. 131–132. ISBN 9986-810-13-2. 
  • Kiaupa, Zigmantas; Kiaupienė, Jūratė; Kunevičius, Albinas (2000). The History of Lithuania Before 1795. Vilnius: Lithuanian Institute of History. hlm. 136. ISBN 9986-810-13-2. 


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