Konkordat 1801

Alegori Konkordat 1801, oleh Pierre Joseph Célestin François.
Pemimpin Gereja Katolik bersumpah kepada negara, seperti yang diharuskan oleh Konkordat.

Konkordat 1801 adalah persetujuan antara Napoleon dengan Paus Pius VII yang ditandatangani pada tanggal 15 Juli 1801. Persetujuan ini memperkuat posisi Gereja Katolik Roma sebagai gereja utama di Prancis dan mengembalikan sebagian besar status sipilnya.[1] Selama Revolusi Prancis, Dewan Nasional menyita aset gereja dan mengeluarkan Constitution civile du clergé yang menempatkan gereja di bawah negara. Kemudian, kalender Gregorian dan hari libur Kristen dihapuskan.[2]

Walaupun memulihkan hubungan dengan kepausan, konkordat ini menguntungkan bagi Napoleon. Ia dapat memperoleh dukungan dari orang Katolik di Prancis sembari mengendalikan Roma secara politik.[3]

Isi

Isi utama konkordat ini meliputi:

  • Pernyataan bahwa "Katolik adalah agama sebagian besar orang Prancis", namun bukan agama negara, sehingga tetap menjamin kebebasan beragama, terutama bagi kaum Protestan.
  • Kepausan berhak menjatuhkan uskup, namun pemerintah Prancis masih dapat menominasikannya.
  • Negara akan membayar gaji keuskupan, sementara uskup bersumpah kepada negara.
  • Gereja Katolik Roma menghapuskan semua klaimnya atas tanah gereja yang disita setelah tahun 1790.
  • Hari Sabbath kembali ditetapkan sebagai "festival" dari hari Minggu Paskah 18 April 1802. Kalender Revolusi Prancis baru diganti menjadi Kalender Gregorian pada 1 Januari 1806.

Rujukan

  1. ^ "France". Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-02-06. Diakses tanggal 2011-12-15.  See drop-down essay on "The Third Republic and the 1905 Law of Laïcité"
  2. ^ "France". Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-02-06. Diakses tanggal 2011-12-15.  See drop-down essay on "Religion and Politics until the French Revolution"
  3. ^ Aston, Nigel (2002). Christianity and Revolutionary Europe c. 1750-1830. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-46027-1. 

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