Kecelakaan pabrik alumina Ajka

Daerah perumahan yang menjadi korban.

Kecelakaan pabrik alumina Ajka adalah kecelakaan yang terjadi di pabrik alumina Ajkai Timföldgyár di kota Ajka, Kabupaten Veszprém, Hungaria barat.[1][2] Pada tanggal 4 Oktober 2010, pada pukul 12:25 Waktu Musim Panas Eropa Tengah),[3] sisi barat laut di bendungan nomor 10 jebol dan mengakibatkan kebocoran sekitar satu juta meter kubik limbah lumpur merah. Kebocoran ini memicu ombak setinggi 1-2 m yang membanjiri daerah sekitar, termasuk Desa Kolontár[1][2] dan Kota Devecser.[1][2][4] Sepuluh orang tewas dan 150 terluka.[3][4][5][6] Wilayah seluas 40 km2 terkena dampak langsung bencana ini. Lumpur merah lalu mencapai Sungai Donau pada tanggal 7 Oktober 2010.

Awalnya tidak diketahui bagaimana waduk di Ajka bisa jebol. Polisi telah menyita dokumen-dokumen dari pabrik Ajkai Timföldgyár. Perdana Menteri Hungaria Viktor Orbán menyatakan kemungkinan penyebab peristiwa ini adalah kesalahan manusia.[7]

Asal mula lumpur merah

Lumpur merah di Ajka merupakan limbah yang dihasilkan oleh proses Bayer yang mengubah bauksit menjadi alumina, yang merupakan komponen penting dalam proses produksi logam aluminium. Salah satu komponen utama lumpur merah adalah besi(III) oksida, dan lumpur ini sangat bersifat alkali dan dapat membahayakan lingkungan jika tidak diproses dengan benar.

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ a b c Hungary threatened by 'ecological catastrophe' as toxic sludge escapes factory, Telegraph (UK), 5 October 2010 
  2. ^ a b c Red sludge floods towns in Hungary, Associated Press, 4 October 2010 
  3. ^ a b Red mud spill in Veszprém County (dalam bahasa Hungaria), www.index.hu, 5 October 2010 
  4. ^ a b "Hungary declares a state of emergency after sludge disaster", The Guardian, 5 October 2010 .
  5. ^ Deadly sludge escape kills three in western Hungary, BBC News, 5 October 2010 .
  6. ^ Nyolc halott: megtalálták az utolsó eltűnt holttestét is Devecseren Hirado.hu, 2010. október 11. 15:34 (Hungaria)
  7. ^ "Toxic Red Sludge Spill From Hungarian Aluminum Plant 'An Ecological Disaster'", David Gura, NPR, 5 October 2010
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