José Bustamante y Rivero

José Bustamante
Presiden Republik Peru ke-78
Masa jabatan
28 Juli 1945 – 29 Oktober 1948
Presiden Mahkamah Internasional
Masa jabatan
1967–1969
Informasi pribadi
Lahir(1894-01-15)15 Januari 1894
Arequipa, Peru
Meninggal11 Januari 1989(1989-01-11) (umur 94)
Lima, Peru
KebangsaanPeru
Partai politikFrente Democrático Nacional
Suami/istriMaría Jesús Rivera
Sunting kotak info
Sunting kotak info • L • B
Bantuan penggunaan templat ini

José Luis Bustamante y Rivero (15 Januari 1894 – 11 Januari 1989) adalah seorang pengacara, penulis, politisi, diplomat, Presiden Peru dari tahun 1945 hingga 1948 dan Presiden Mahkamah Internasional di Den Haag tahun 1967 hingga 1969.

Tahun awal

José Bustamante lahir di Arequipa. Orang tuanya adalah Manuel Bustamante y Barreda, seorang pengacara dan jaksa di Arequipa, dan Victoria de Rivero y Romero. José menikahi María Jesús Rivera pada tahun 1923. Ia menerima pendidikan awal di Arequipa di Colegio San José dan memperoleh gelar Sarjana Hukum dari Universidad Nacional San Agustín de Arequipa di kota kelahirannya dan gelar Ph.D. dari Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad di Cusco. Setelah menjadi profesor dan sarjana hukum, Bustamante kemudian tertarik dalam politik.

Kudeta terhadap Leguía

Bustamante mencapai kedewasaan politik sebagai penulis manifesto yang meluncurkan kudeta tahun 1930 untuk menggulingkan presiden Augusto B. Leguía. Dia segera mendapatkan kepercayaan dari penerusnya Leguía, Luis Miguel Sánchez Cerro, dan memulai karier barunya pada tahun 1934 sebagai seorang diplomat, yang mewakili Peru sebagai Menteri Peru ke Bolivia (1934-1938, 1942-1945) dan Uruguay (1939-1942).

Pada tahun 1945, ia menjadi calon presiden untuk Frente Democrático Nacional, sebuah partai sayap kiri yang bersekutu dengan APRA dan Partai Komunis Peru. Lawannya adalah calon dari Legión Patriótica Independiente, Jenderal Eloy G. Ureta. Bustamante akhirnya memenangkan pemilu yang relatif jujur.

Pasca menjadi presiden

Bustamante diasingkan ke Argentina. Dia akhirnya kembali ke Peru pada tahun 1955. Pada tahun 1960 ia terpilih sebagai anggota Mahkamah Internasional di Den Haag dan menjabat sebagai Presiden dari 1967 hingga 1969.

Dia meninggal di Lima pada tahun 1989, pada usia 94 tahun.

Karya

José Bustamante adalah penulis dari beberapa karya terkait peradilan dan lainnya, saat ini karyanya ada di Perpustakaan Nasional Peru. Karya-karyanya yang diterbitkan meliputi:

  • Arequipa (1947)
  • Tres años de lucha por la democracia en el Perú (1949)
  • Panamericanismo e iberoamericanismo (1951)
  • Artesanía textil en el Perú (1952)
  • Mensaje al Perú: Perú, estructura social (1960)
  • La Corte Internacional de justicia (1964)
  • Una visión del Perú (1972)
  • Derecho del mar (1972)
Jabatan politik
Didahului oleh:
Manuel Prado
Presiden Peru
Juli 1945 – Oktober 1948
Diteruskan oleh:
Manuel A. Odría
Didahului oleh:
Percy Spender
Presiden Mahkamah Internasional
1967 – 1969
Diteruskan oleh:
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan


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