Invasi Prusia Timur oleh Rusia (1914)

Kampanye militer Prusia Timur
Bagian dari Front Timur Perang Dunia I

Front Timur 17–23 Agustus 1914.
Tanggal17 Agustus – 14 September 1914
LokasiPrusia Timur
Hasil Kemenangan Jerman
Pihak terlibat
 Kekaisaran Rusia  Kekaisaran Jerman
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Kekaisaran Rusia Paul von Rennenkampf
Kekaisaran Rusia Alexander Samsonov †
Kekaisaran Rusia Yakov Zhilinskiy		 Kekaisaran Jerman Paul von Hindenburg
Kekaisaran Jerman Erich Ludendorff
Kekaisaran Jerman Maximilian von Prittwitz
Kekuatan

Angkatan Bersenjata I
Angkatan Bersenjata II
Angkatan Bersenjata X
Total lebih dari 800.000 pasukan[1]

perkiraan lain: 650.000[2]		 Angkatan Bersenjata VIII
Total 250.000 pasukan[3] perkiraan lain: 135.000[2]
Korban
Dalam empat pertempuran utama lebih dari 320.000[4] (Stallupönen - 7.500;[5] Gumbinnen - 19.000;[6] Tannenberg - 170.000;[7] Danau Masuria - 125.000[8]) Korban lainnya: lebih dari 300,000 [9] Total sekitar 37.000[10] atau 67.000 (Stallupönen - 1,300;[11] Gumbinnen -14,600;[12] Tannenberg - 12,000;[13] Danau Masuria - 10,000[14] atau 40,000[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]

Invasi Rusia ke Prusia Timur berlangsung pada awal Perang Dunia I dari Agustus hingga September 1914. Dengan dilancarkannya invasi ini, Kekaisaran Jerman berperang di dua front sekaligus: Front Barat melawan Prancis dan Front Timur melawan Rusia. Sebagian besar pasukan Jerman sedang ditugaskan di Front Barat karena mereka ingin mengalahkan Prancis dalam waktu beberapa minggu, sementara Front Timur hanya dijaga oleh Angkatan Bersenjata Kedelapan. Meskipun jumlah pasukan Rusia jauh lebih besar dari Jerman, pasukan Rusia terpencar dan pada akhirnya mengalami kekalahan.

Referensi

  1. ^ Robert B. Asprey, L'Alto comando tedesco, Milano, Rizzoli, (1993), p. 39 (English edition: Robert B. Asprey,The German High Command at War: Hindenburg and Ludendorff Conduct World War I, 1993)
  2. ^ a b Chickering, R. (2004). Imperial Germany and the Great War, 1914–1918. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 24. ISBN 0-521-54780-6. 
  3. ^ R.Asprey, L'Alto comando tedesco, p. 84.
  4. ^ termasuk 150.000 tawanan
  5. ^ Tannenberg 1914, Warsawa, 2005; p. 18.
  6. ^ Tannenberg 1914, 2005; p. 29
  7. ^ Hastings, Max (2013). Catastrophe: Europe goes to war 1914. London: William Collins. hlm. 281. ISBN 978-0-00-751975-0. 
  8. ^ David Eggenberger, An Encyclopedia of Battles: Accounts of Over 1,560 Battles, 2012, p. 270
  9. ^ Rasmussen, R. Kent (2014). World War I for Kids: A History with 21 Activities. Chicago Review Press. hlm. 43. ISBN 978-1-61374-556-4. 
  10. ^ Der Weltkrieg 1914 – 1918. Вand 2. S. 317, 346
  11. ^ Tannenberg 1914, 2005, p. 18.
  12. ^ Tannenberg 1914, 2005; p. 32
  13. ^ Hastings, Max., 2013; p. 281
  14. ^ David Eggenberger, 2012, p. 270
  15. ^ Spencer C. Tucker. World War I: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection. ABC-CLIO. 2014. P. 1048
  16. ^ Spencer C. Tucker. The European Powers in the First World War: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. 2013. P. 232
  17. ^ Timothy C. Dowling. Russia at War: From the Mongol Conquest to Afghanistan, Chechnya, and Beyond. ABC-CLIO. 2014. P. 509
  18. ^ Spencer C. Tucker, Priscilla Mary Roberts. Encyclopedia Of World War I: A Political, Social, And Military History. ABC-CLIO, 2005. P. 378
  19. ^ Prit Buttar. Collision of Empires: The War on the Eastern Front in 1914. Osprey Publishing. 2014. P. 239
  20. ^ Spencer Tucker, Priscilla Mary Roberts (2005). World War I: A Student Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. 2005. P. 613
  21. ^ http://www.firstworldwar.com/battles/masurian1.htm

Bacaan lanjut

  • Florinsky, Michael T. (1927). "The Russian Mobilization of 1914". Political Science Quarterly. 42 (2): 203–227. JSTOR 2142786. 
  • Zawadzki, B. (1924). Kampania jesienna w Prusach Wschodnich. Wojskowy Instytut Wydawniczy. Warszawa. 
  • The Eastern Front. Osprey Publishing. 


Ikon rintisan

Artikel bertopik sejarah ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

Read other articles:

Jackie Robinson

American baseball player (1919–1972) For other people named Jackie Robinson, see Jackie Robinson (disambiguation). Baseball player Jackie RobinsonRobinson with the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1954Second basemanBorn: (1919-01-31)January 31, 1919Cairo, Georgia, U.S.Died: October 24, 1972(1972-10-24) (aged 53)Stamford, Connecticut, U.S.Batted: RightThrew: RightProfessional debutNgL: 1945, for the Kansas City MonarchsMLB: April 15, 1947, for the Brooklyn DodgersLast MLB ap...

 

جامعة كاليفورنيا (سان فرانسيسكو)

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع جامعة كاليفورنيا (توضيح). جامعة كاليفورنيا، سان فرانسيسكو University of California, San Francisco شعار جامعة كاليفورنيا (سان فرانسيسكو) معلومات التأسيس 1873 المنحة المالية 1.72 مليار رمز الدولار النوع جامعة بحثية عامة الموقع الجغرافي إحداثيات 37°45′46″N 122°27′29″W / ...

 

Negara Bagian Madras

Provinsi Madras (1947 - 1950)Negara Bagian Madras (1950 - 1969)Negara Bagian India1950–1969Peta India Selatan(1953-1956) sebelum Undang-Undang Reorganisasi Negara-Negara Bagian, 1956 dengan Negara Bagian Madras diwarnai kuningSejarahSejarah • Negara Bagian Madras dibentuk dari Provinsi Madras 1950• Berganti nama menjadi Tamil Nadu 1969 Didahului oleh Digantikan oleh Kepresidenan Madras Tamil Nadu Negara-Negara Bagian India sejak 1947 Negara Bagian Madras adalah sebuah neg...

Jerome

4th- and 5th-century priest and theologian This article is about the priest and Bible translator. For other uses, see Jerome (disambiguation) and Saint Jerome (disambiguation). SaintJeromeSt. Jerome in His Study by Albrecht Dürer, 1521Doctor of the ChurchBornc. 342–347Stridon (possibly Strido Dalmatiae, on the border of Dalmatia and Pannonia)[1]Died30 September 420 (aged approximately 73–78)[2]Bethlehem, Palaestina PrimaVenerated inCatholic ChurchEastern Orthod...

 

Copa Ganadores de Copa 1970

Copa Ganadores de Copa 1970Recopa Sudamericana de Clubes 1970 Competizione Copa Ganadores de Copa Sport Calcio Edizione 1° Organizzatore CONMEBOL Date 8 marzo - 26 aprile 1970 Luogo  Ecuador Bolivia(3 città) Partecipanti 8 Impianto/i 3 stadi Risultati Vincitore  Mariscal Santa Cruz(1º titolo) Secondo  El Nacional Statistiche Miglior marcatore Eliseo Báez (Mariscal Santa Cruz, 5 gol) Incontri disputati 15 Gol segnati 38 (2,53 per incontro) Il Mariscal Santa C...

 

Epristeride

Chemical compound EpristerideClinical dataTrade namesAipuliete, ChuanliuOther namesONO-9302; SKF-105657; 17β-(tert-Butylcarbamoyl)androsta-3,5-diene-3-carboxylic acidRoutes ofadministrationBy mouth[1]Drug class5α-Reductase inhibitorATC codeNoneLegal statusLegal status In general: ℞ (Prescription only) Pharmacokinetic dataBioavailability93%[2]Elimination half-life26 hours[2]Identifiers IUPAC name (8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17S)-17-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-10,13-dimet...

Levin Corbin Handy

American photographer Levin C. HandyBorn(1855-08-10)August 10, 1855Washington, D.C.DiedMarch 26, 1932(1932-03-26) (aged 76)Washington, D.C.RelativesMathew Brady, uncle by marriage Levin Corbin Handy (August 10, 1855[1] – March 26, 1932) was an American photographer who worked during the 19th and early 20th century. Civil War photographer Mathew Brady was Handy's uncle by marriage, and Handy was apprenticed to him at age twelve. After a few years of working in Brady's studio, he...

 

BFSP2

BFSP2 المعرفات الأسماء المستعارة BFSP2, CP47, CP49, CTRCT12, LIFL-L, PHAKOSIN, beaded filament structural protein 2 معرفات خارجية الوراثة المندلية البشرية عبر الإنترنت 603212 MGI: MGI:1333828 HomoloGene: 20791 GeneCards: 8419 علم الوجود الجيني الوظيفة الجزيئية • structural constituent of cytoskeleton• ‏GO:0001948، ‏GO:0016582 ربط بروتيني• structural molecule activity• str...

 

Alejandro Bedoya

American soccer player Alejandro Bedoya Bedoya with the Philadelphia Union in 2017Personal informationFull name Alejandro Bedoya[1]Date of birth (1987-04-29) April 29, 1987 (age 37)Place of birth Englewood, New Jersey, United StatesHeight 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m)[2]Position(s) MidfielderTeam informationCurrent team Philadelphia UnionNumber 11Youth career AYSO2001–2003 FUTSOCCollege careerYears Team Apps (Gls)2005–2006 Fairleigh Dickinson Knights 35 (13)2007�...

Herpolsheimer's

American department store in Michigan Herpolsheimer'sIllustration of the downtown Grand Rapids store from a 1921 adCompany typeDepartment storePredecessorVoight Herpolshiemer & Co.Founded1865; 159 years ago (1865) in Michigan City, Indiana, United StatesFoundersWilliam G. HerpolsheimerCharles G. A. VoigtDefunct1987 (1987)FatePurchased by Federated Department StoresHeadquartersGrand Rapids, Michigan, United StatesAreas servedGrand Rapids, Muskegon and Battle Creek He...

 

Penske Media Corporation

Artikel ini bukan mengenai Penske Corporation. Penske Media CorporationSebelumnyaVelocity Services (2003–2007)JenisSwastaIndustri Media digital Video Penerbitan Layanan informasi PendahuluMail.com Media Corporation (2007–2012)Didirikan2003; 21 tahun lalu (2003)PendiriJay PenskeKantorpusat11175 Santa Monica Boulevard, Los Angeles, California, ASTokohkunciJay Penske (CEO)PemilikJay Penske(60%)DivisiPenske Business Media, LLC.PMC StudiosAnakusahaDeadline HollywoodFairchild Fashion Media...

 

Monterey Furniture

Mason Monterey A-frame chair from the Oregon Caves National Monument Chateau Monterey Furniture refers to several furniture lines made from 1930 to the mid-1940s in California. Uniquely western, the line derived its character from Spanish and Dutch Colonial styles, California Mission architecture and furnishings, ranch furnishings, and cowboy accoutrements such as might be found in a barn (lariats and branding irons). Mason Manufacturing Company, founded by Frank Mason and his son, George, ar...

John Mayer

American musician (born 1977) This article is about the American singer. For other people named John Mayer, see John Mayer (disambiguation). Not to be confused with John Mayall or John Moyer. John MayerMayer performing in 2019Background informationBirth nameJohn Clayton MayerBorn (1977-10-16) October 16, 1977 (age 46)Bridgeport, Connecticut, U.S. EducationFairfield Warde High School Genres Rock pop blues Occupation(s) Singer songwriter guitarist record producer Instrument(s) Vocals guita...

 

Siege of Menagh Air Base

Military operation This article uses bare URLs, which are uninformative and vulnerable to link rot. Please consider converting them to full citations to ensure the article remains verifiable and maintains a consistent citation style. Several templates and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as reFill (documentation) and Citation bot (documentation). (September 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Siege of Menagh Air BasePart of the Syrian civil warMap showing the si...

 

Tsuruga Station

Railway station in Tsuruga, Fukui Prefecture, Japan  A 01   B 08 Tsuruga Station敦賀駅 Tsuruga Station in September 2018General informationLocation1-1-24 Kanawa-cho, Tsuruga City, Fukui Prefecture 914-0026JapanCoordinates35°38′41″N 136°4′36″E / 35.64472°N 136.07667°E / 35.64472; 136.07667Operated by JR West JR Freight Hapi-Line Fukui Line(s)  A   B  Hokuriku Main Line Hokuriku Shinkansen    ...

Khuzestan province

Province of Iran Province in Region 4, IranKhuzestan Province Persian: استان خوزستانProvinceFrom the top to bottom-right, Shushtar Historical Hydraulic System, Shush Castle, Tomb of Daniel, Ziggurat in Chogha Zanbil, AhvazLocation of Khuzestan Province within IranCoordinates: 31°20′N 48°40′E / 31.333°N 48.667°E / 31.333; 48.667[1]CountryIranRegionRegion 4CapitalAhvazCounties30Government • Governor-generalAli-Akbar Hosseini Mehrab...

 

قائمة رؤساء وزراء لبنان

جزء من سلسلة مقالات سياسة لبنانلبنان الدستور الدستور اتفاق الطائف الطوائف حقوق الإنسان السلطة التنفيذية رئيس الجمهورية (قائمة) ميشال عون مجلس الوزراء رئيس الوزراء نجيب ميقاتي السلطة التشريعية مجلس النواب رئيس المجلس نبيه بري السلطة القضائية السلطة القضائية التقسيم الاد...

 

Desert hare

Species of mammal For other species called desert hare, see Desert hare (disambiguation). Desert hare Conservation status Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Lagomorpha Family: Leporidae Genus: Lepus Species: L. tibetanus Binomial name Lepus tibetanusWaterhouse, 1841 Desert hare range The desert hare (Lepus tibetanus) is a species of hare found in Central Asia, Northwest China, and...

2006 Ryder Cup

Golf tournament in Ireland 36th Ryder Cup MatchesDates22–24 September 2006VenueThe K ClubLocationCounty Kildare, IrelandCaptainsIan Woosnam (Europe)Tom Lehman (USA) 181⁄2 91⁄2 Europe wins the Ryder Cup← 20042008 → K Clubclass=notpageimage| Location in Ireland The 36th Ryder Cup Matches were held 22–24 September 2006 in Ireland at the Palmer Course of the K Club in Straffan, County Kildare, west of Dublin. It was the first time the event was played in Irel...

 

Rescue of Jews by Poles during the Holocaust

The neutrality of this article is disputed. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until conditions to do so are met. (June 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Death penalty for the rescue of Jews in occupied PolandPublic announcementNOTICE Concerning: the Sheltering of Escaping Jews.       There is a need for a reminder, that in accordance with Paragraph 3 of the decree of 15 October 1941, on the Limit...