Deaminasi

Deaminasi adalah suatu reaksi kimiawi pada metabolisme yang melepaskan gugus amina dari molekul senyawa asam amino dengan bantuan enzim deaminase.^[1] Gugus amina yang terlepas akan terkonversi menjadi amonia.

Pada manusia,deaminasi terutama terjadi pada hati, walaupun asam glutamat juga mengalami deaminasi pada ginjal. Proses deaminasi dalam lingkungan aerobik akan menghasilkan asam okso, disebut deaminasi oksidatif dan terjadi terutama di dalam hati.

Asam glutamat merupakan satu-satunya asam amino yang mengalami deaminasi oksidatif, karena senyawa ini merupakan akhir dari setiap reaksi transaminasi. Pada reaksi deaminasi oksidatif, asam glutamat dikonversi menjadi bentuk asam ketonnya dengan pergantian gugus amina menjadi gugus keton

Hasil reaksi berupa dua senyawa produk yaitu asam ketoglutarat-alfa dan amonia.^[2]

{\rm {C_{5}H_{9}NO_{4}+H_{2}O+NAD^{+}\rightarrow C_{5}H_{6}O_{5}+NH_{3}+NADH+H^{+}}}

Rujukan

^ Parker, Sybil, P (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company.
^ (Inggris) "Oxidative Deamination Reaction". Elmhurst College; Charles E. Ophardt. Diakses tanggal 2010-07-19.

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