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Spikule

Sunčeve spikule snimljene u vodikovoj alfa-liniji. Obojano lažnim bojama.

Spikule su dinamički, cjevasti mlazevi blještavo crvene smjese vrućeg vodika i helija. Protežu se od sunčeve fotosfere, kroz kromosferu i ulaze u dno korone. Promjera su oko 500 km, a kreću se iz fotosfere prema gore brzinom oko 20 km/s. Traju pet do deset minuta, dosežu dno korone na nekoliko tisuća kilometara visine[1] i zatim padaju natrag u fotosferu. Otkrio ih je svećenik Angelo Secchi u Vatikanskoj zvjezdarnici 1877. godine.

Obično su povezane s aktivnim područjima Sunca gdje se pojavljuje jako magnetsko polje. Na Suncu ih u bilo kojem trenutku ima 60 – 70 tisuća.

Uzrok postanka spikula nije poznat, ali je primjećeno da se Sunčeva površina napuhuje i ispuhuje svakih 5 do 10 minuta (nekoliko stotina metara u sekundi), tako da je moguća neka veza s tom vrstom titranja.[2]

Izvori

  1. ↑ §1, Two Dynamical Models for Solar Spicules, Paul Lorrain and Serge Koutchmy, Solar Physics 165, #1 (April 1996), pp. 115–137, doi|10.1007/BF00149093, bibcode|1996SoPh..165..115L.
  2. ↑ De Pontieu, B., Erdélyi, R. and James, S: Solar chromospheric spicules from the leakage of photospheric oscillations and flows In: Nature. 430/2004, p. 536–539, ISSN|0028-0836

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