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Ketal

Struktura generičkog ketala.

Ketal je funkcionalna skupina opće formule opće formule (RR’C(OR")2), gdje obje skupine R' su organski fragmenti. Središnji atom ugljika vezan je četirima vezama na nj, te je stoga zasićen i tetrahedralne je geometrije.

Nastaju adicijom alkohola na ketone. U slučaju kad samo jedna molekula ketona (RR’CO) reagira s jednom molekulom alkohola (R"OH) nastaju poluketali. Nastavi li se adicija, nastaju puni ketali.

U kiseloj sredini acetali mogu hidrolizom doći do aldehida, a ketali do ketona.[1]

Jedno je vrijeme naziv ketala bio izbačen iz upotrebe, a danas je vraćen kao podklasa acetala.[2]

Konverzija ketona u ketal.

Izvori

  1. ↑ Generalić, Eni. "Acetal." Englesko-hrvatski kemijski rječnik & glosar. 31 July 2014. KTF-Split. 11. veljače 2015. <http://glossary.periodni.com>.
  2. ↑ Generalić, Eni. "Ketal." Englesko-hrvatski kemijski rječnik & glosar. 31 July 2014. KTF-Split. 11. veljače 2015. <http://glossary.periodni.com>.

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