קווארה (שפה)

קווארה
ቋራ (קְוַּרַה), ቋርኛ (קְוַּרְנְיַה)
מדינות אתיופיה, ישראל
אזורים נפת קווארה
כתב כתב געז מותאם
משפחה

שפות אפרו-אסיאתיות

קוד שפה ISO 639-3: ––
גלוטולוג: hwar1238
ELP: קוד Hwarasa
ראו גם שפהכתברשימת שפות
לעריכה בוויקינתונים שמשמש מקור לחלק מהמידע בתבנית

קְװָּארַהכתב געז: ቋራ "קְוַּרַה"; גם ቋርኛ "קְוַּרְנְיַה" קְװַּארְנְיָה, ובעבר נקראה גם "פַלָאשָה" או הוַּארָאסַה), היא ניב כמעט-נכחד[דרוש מקור] של שפת קימנת, בענף אגאו של משפחת השפות הכושיות. קווארה והניב השני של קימנת, כיילה, דוברו בפי חלק מיהודי אתיופיה, ביתא ישראל. קווארה דוברה בעבר בנפת קווארה, ולאחר עליית יהודי אתיופיה לישראל השפה על סף הכחדה בישראל.

מספר כתבי יד מוקדמים פלאשיים נכתבו בכתב געז. במאה ה-19 החלה השפה לקבל תיעוד בידי מספר בלשנים וטָיָילים, הראשון בהם פְֿלָאד ב-1866.

השפה דעכה בתחילת המאה ה-20, כאשר דובריה נטשו אותה בהדרגה לטובת אמהרית לצורכי מחייתם. במהלך "מבצע שלמה" הועלו רוב דוברי קווארה הנותרים לישראל, שם היא ממשיכה לדעוך כאשר דובריה עוברים לעברית.

לקריאה נוספת

  • Hayward, ed. (1996), "Kaïliña – a 'new' Agaw dialect and its implications for Agaw dialectology", Voice and Power: The Culture of Language in North-East Africa, London: SOAS, pp. 1–19, ISBN 0-7286-0257-1
  • Flad, J. M. (1866). A Short Description of the Falasha and Kamants in Abyssinia: Together with an Outline of the Elements and a Vocabulary of the Falasha Language. Mission Press.
  • Freeburg, E. (2013). The Cost of Revival: the Role of Hebrew in Jewish Language Endangerment (Doctoral dissertation, Yale University).

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