בניין (מבנה)

בניינים שונים במנהטן תחתית, מתנשאים מעל מפרץ ניו יורק ומסוף מעבורת סטטן איילנד.
בניין בתהליכי בנייה

בניין הוא מבנה אדריכלי המיועד לשימוש כמחסה ולתפוסה מתמשכת על ידי בני אדם.

במדינת ישראל מגדיר חוק התכנון והבניה "בניין" כ:

כל מבנה, בין שהוא בנוי אבן ובין שהוא בנוי בטון, טיט, ברזל, עץ או כל חומר אחר, לרבות:
(1) כל חלק של מבנה כאמור וכל דבר המחובר לו חיבור של קבע;
(2) קיר, סוללת עפר, גדר וכיוצא באלה הגודרים או תוחמים, או מיועדים לגדור, או לתחום, שטח קרקע או חלל;

עם זאת, השימוש הלשוני במילה "בניין" בהקשר היום-יומי כולל לרוב רק מבנים סגורים בעלי קירות וגג המיועדים לתפוסת בני אדם.

בניינים עשויים לשמש במגוון שימושים, כגון בית מגורים, בניין משרדים, בניין ציבורי, מרכז מסחרי ועוד. חלקם מבנים נמוכים וחלקם בעלי מספר קומות, רבי קומות ואף גורדי שחקים, שנועדו להגדיל את שטח הבנייה תוך שימוש בשטח קרקע קטן יחסית עליו בנוי הבניין.

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