Type (יוניקס)

type במערכת ההפעלה Unix ומערכות הפעלה דמויות יוניקס היא פקודה המציגה כיצד ארגומנט שהיא מקבלת היה מתפרש כפקודה.

שימוש

במידת הצורך, type מציגה את הנתיב של הפקודה שהיא קיבלה כפרמטר. סוגי פקודות אפשריים כפרמטר הם:

  • פקודת shell מובנת
  • פונקציה
  • alias
  • מילת מפתח

במקרה של כישלון (למשל אם לא ניתן למצוא את הפרמטר) הפקודה מחזירה ערך חזרה שאינו אפס.

דוגמאות

$ type test
test is a shell builtin
$ type cp
cp is /bin/cp
$ type unknown
unknown not found
$ type type
type is a shell builtin

היסטוריה

פקודת type הייתה פקודה מובנת עבור מעטפת Bourne שהוצגה בשנת 1984[1], אך עד היום היא חלק ממעטפות רבות אחרות תואמות POSIX כגון Bash. עם זאת, type אינה חלק מהתקן של POSIX, שכולל פקודה המתנהגת באופן דומה: 

command -V name

ב- KornShell, הפקודה whence מספקת פונקציונליות דומה.[2]

הפקודה זמינה גם עבור Windows כחלק מהחבילה UnxUtils שכוללת כלי עזר נפוצים בסגנון GNU Unix[3].

הערות שוליים

  1. ^ "traditional Bourne shell family / history and development". www.in-ulm.de. נבדק ב-2018-10-07.
  2. ^ Siever, Ellen (27 ביולי 2005). Linux in a Nutshell. Nutshell handbooks. O'Reilly Media, Inc. (פורסם ב-2005). p. 695. ISBN 9780596009304. נבדק ב-2016-07-05. whence [...] Korn shell only. Show whether each command is a Unix command, a built-in command, a defined shell function, or an alias. {{cite book}}: (עזרה)
  3. ^ Native Win32 ports of some GNU utilities
פקודות בסביבת Unix ובמערכות הפעלה דמויות יוניקס
מערכת קבצים

bzip • cat • cd • chmod • chown • chgrp • cksum • cmp • cp • dd • du • df • file • fsck • gzip • ln • ls • mkdir • mount • mv • pwd • rm • rmdir • tar • tee • tree • touch • type • umask • zip

תהליכים

at • chroot • cron • htop • kill • killall • nice • pgrep • pkill • ps • pstree • time • top

סביבת משתמש

dig • env • exit • finger • passwd • su • sudo • uptime • talk • uname • w • wall • who • whoami

עיבוד טקסט

awk • basename • cut • diff • ed • ex • head • less • more • paste • sed • sort • strings • tail • tr • Uniq • vi • vim • wc • xargs

מעטפת

alias • echo • expr • printf • sleep • test • wait

רשת

ifconfig • inetd • ip • netcat • netstat • nload • nmap • nslookup • ping • rlogin • route • ssh • traceroute

חיפוש

find • grep • locate

שונות

man • bc • cal • date • parted • seq

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