רכס נסקה

רכס נסקה (בספרדית: Dorsal de Nazca) הוא רכס הרים תת-ימי מסוג רכס שאיננו סייסמי (aseismic ridge)^[1] שכיוונו מדרום מערב לצפון מזרח השוכן על לוח נסקה מול חופי פרו וצ'ילה.

הרכס מתנשא בממוצע לגובה של 1,500 מטרים מעל לקרקעית האוקיינוס, אורכו מעל ל-1,000 קילומטרים ורוחבו כ-200 קילומטרים. הרכס עובר הפחתה מתחת ללוח הדרום-אמריקאי לאורך חופה הדרומי של פרו. ההפחתה החלה לפני 11.2 מיליון שנים בקו הרוחב 11 דרום. קצב ההפחתה פחת עם השנים מ-75 מילימטרים בשנה (עד לפני 10.8 מיליון שנים) ועד 43 מילימטרים בשנה (מלפני 4.9 מיליון שנים עד ימינו) מעריכים כי כ-900 קילומטרים מהרכס עברו הפחתה. הנקודה שבה הרכס עובר הפחתה בשקע פרו-צ'ילה זזה לאט דרומה. לתזוזה זו השפעה על אזור החוף של פרו ששקע לאחר שהרכס נדד דרומה.^[2]

בקו הרוחב 25 דרום, בסמוך לאיי דסוונטוראדס (Islas Desventuradas – "איים חסרי מזל"), מתחבר רכס נסקה לרכס סאלס אי גומס (Salas y Gomez Ridge), הקרוי גם רכס סאלה אי גומס (Sala y Gomez Ridge), שכיוונו ממזרח למערב המתחבר בסופו של דבר לרכס המזרח-פסיפי (East Pacific Rise).

קישורים חיצוניים

הערות שוליים

^ רכס שמקורו בנקודה חמה, ולא בהתפשטות קרקעית הים ולכן לא מתחוללים לאורכו רעידות אדמה
^ The migration history of the Nazca Ridge along the Peruvian active margin: a re-evaluation

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