כוכב השחר (נשק)

כוכב השחר במרכז התמונה, משני צדיו עוד אלות עם חודים.
מורג עם כדור משונן בסגנון "כוכב השחר"

כוכב השחר הוא כלי נשק אירופאי מתקופת ימי הביניים, העשוי ממוט אחיזה אליו מחובר כדור מתכת משונן. כלי הנשק כונה גם "מתז המים הקדוש".

לנשק זה גדלים שונים ואורכי ידיות שונים בהתאם לשימוש שנעשה בו (עבור חיל רגלים - ידית מאורכת, ועבור פרשים - ידית מקוצרת), הוא מאוד כבד ותפעולו מתבסס על מכות חזקות ואיטיות (הנפות מלאות). זהו נשק איטי ומגושם ובדרך כלל לא היה קטלני יותר מחרב או אלה. יתרונו הגדול עליהם היה שקשה לחסום אותו, בעיקר בשל משקל הכדור.

כלי הנשק נכנס לשימוש באירופה לקראת סוף המאה ה-13. הוא לא היה בשימוש נרחב בקרב מעמד האבירים, שהעדיפו את החרב על פניו, אך שימש אנשי דת ואנשי מיליציה אשר חיברו מסמרים לאלתם, מאחר שהיה זול בהרבה מהחרב.

כוכב השחר נגזר מאחד מכינויי השטן בנצרות, לוציפר כוכב השחר. הוא קיבל כינוי זה גם בגלל צורתו וגם בגלל שימושו על ידי נזירים.

המונח "כוכב השחר" עשוי לשמש לעיתים גם לתיאור אלה שבראשה מורכבת שרשרת המחוברת לכדור מתכת משונן או שלשלת לה מחובר כדור מתכת משונן (ללא מוט), אך המינוח הנכון לכלי נשק זה הוא מורג וזאת, עקב דמיונו לכלי החקלאי מורג.

לקריאה נוספת

  • Bradford Broughton, Dictionary of Medieval Knighthood and Chivalry (NY, Greenwood Press, 1986, ISBN 0-313-24552-5)
  • John Waldman, Hafted Weapons in Medieval and Renaissance Europe: The Evolution of European Staff Weapons Between 1200 and 1650 (Brill, 2005, ISBN 90-04-14409-9)
  • Kelly DeVries, Medieval Military Technology (Broadview Press, 1998, ISBN 0-921149-74-3)

קישורים חיצוניים

ויקישיתוף מדיה וקבצים בנושא כוכב השחר בוויקישיתוף

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