Nosa Señora do O

Nosa Señora do O
Advocación da Virxe María
Historia
Orixe da devoción656, no Décimo Concilio de Toledo en Reino visigodo
Principais difusoresSanto Ildefonso
Veneración
Venerada enIgrexa Católica
Festividade18 de decembro

A Virxe do O, Virxe da Esperanza ou Virxe da Expectación, é unha advocación da Virxe María, asociada co advento e a espera da Natividade de Cristo; o período no que a Virxe estaba embarazada (en latín Maria Gravida ou Virgo Gestans).

Nomes

En galego coñécese co nome de Virxe do O. Este nome procede da exclamación "oh" que aparece nas sete estrofas das Vésperas na Igrexa latina que preceden ao Nadal,[1] como por exemplo a do 23 de decembro, O Emmanuel, Rex et legifer noster (Oh Emmanuel, Rei e lexislador noso).[2] Outro dos nomes polo que é coñecida é o de Virxe da Esperanza, en alusión ao seu embarazo.

Nos países de lingua castelá, ademais das formas equivalentes ás formas galegas, é coñecida tamén co nome de Virgen de la Expectación, e similarmente nos países de lingua portuguesa é coñecida cos nomes de Nossa Senhora da Expectação ou do Ó, equivalentes aos galegos.

Por outra banda, nos países de lingua francesa é coñecida polos nomes descritivos de Vierge enceinte e Vierge parturiente, e polo de Vierge de l'Avent; e nos de lingua italiana Madonna del parto.

Nas Igrexas bizantinas existe unha representación que se podería considerar equivalente, que representa á Virxe no momento da Encarnación de Cristo, chamada Virxe Platytera.

Historia

A advocación ten a súa orixe na festa da Expectatio Partus (espera do parto) do 18 de decembro, estabelecida polo décimo Concilio de Toledo do ano 656. Os padres conciliares decidiron estabelecer esta festa oito días antes do Nadal, xa que a festa da Anunciación do 25 de marzo coincidía coa Coresma, e neste período non estaban permitidas as festas.[3]

Cando a Igrexa latina abandonou a prohibición das festas no período cuaresmal, a festa de decembro mantívose a carón da Anunciación, celebrándose nos ritos romano e hispano-mozárabe.[3] A festa gozou de gran populariedade en España, e o papa Gregorio XIII aprobouna como dobre maior para a arquidiocese de Toledo, que en 1634 obtivo o privilexio de celebrala aínda que coincidise co cuarto domingo de Advento.[3]

Dende España, a festa expandiuse a outros países: en 1695 ao patriarcado de Venecia e á arquidiocese de Tolosa, en 1702 á Orde do Císter, en 1713 ás dioceses da Toscana e en 1725 á diocese de Roma.[3]

Padroado

En Galicia, a Virxe do O é padroa da cidade de Pontevedra.

É tamén padroa do concello español de Dueñas, na provincia de Palencia.

Galería de imaxes

Notas

  1. ↑ Teodoro Úzquiza Ruiz (2012). Lulu.com, ed. Simbología iconográfica de los santos. p. 353. ISBN 9781471093609. 
  2. ↑ Centre de Pastoral Litúrgica, ed. (2007). Las antífonas de la "O". p. 12. ISBN 9788498052336. 
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 Holweck, Frederick (1909). "Feast of the Expectation of the Blessed Virgin Mary". En Robert Appleton Company. The Catholic Encyclopedia 5. Nova York. 

Véxase tamén

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