Células 3T3

Fibroblastos NIH/3T3 en cultivo celular

As células 3T3 son unha liña celular establecida en 1962 polos científicos do Departmento de Patoloxía da Escola de Medicina da Universidade de Nova York George Todaro e Howard Green. A liña celular 3T3 converteuse na liña celular de fibroblastos estándar. Todaro e Green obtiveron orixinalmente as células 3T3 dun tecido embrionario de rato albino Swiss.[1][2]

Nomenclatura

O nome '3T3' é unha abreviación en inglés de "3-day transfer, inoculum 3×105 cells" (transferencia de 3 días, inóculo de 3×105 células). Esta liña celular foi establecida orixinalmente a partir de células fibroblásticas embrionarias primarias de ratos que foron cultivados por un protocolo denominado 'protocolo 3T3'. As células fibroblásticas embrionarias primarias de rato eran transferidas (de aí o "T") cada 3 días (o primeiro "3"), e inoculadas a un valor de densidade de 3×105 células por 20 cm2 de placa (o segundo "3") continuamente. As células espontaneamente inmortalizadas cunha velocidade de crecemento estable foron establecidas despois de 20 a 30 xeracións en cultivo e despois chamadas células '3T3'. Unha das liñas actuais é a "3T3-L1".[3]

Características

As Swiss 3T3 poden ser inhibidas polo temazepam e outras benzodiazepinas. Estas células son tamén inhibidas por contacto. As células son sensibles á formación de focos do virus do sarcoma e da leucemia. As células 3T3 poden ser transformadwas co virus SV40 e outros poliomavirus.[3]

Expresión

A lisofosfatidilcolina (lyso-PC) induce a actividade da AP-1 e a actividade da c-jun N-terminal quinase (JNK1) por medio dunha vía independente da proteína quinase C.[3]

Citoxenética

As células de rato 3T3 son hipertriploides. O seu número modal de cromosomas é 68, que aparece no 30% das células. ´Poden aparecer ploidías máis altas a unha taxa moito menor do 2,4%.[3]

Usos

As células 3T3 utilízanse a miúdo no cultivo de queratinocitos, xa que as células 3T3 segregan factores de crecemento favorables para esta tipo de células.

Notas

  1. ↑ Todaro, GJ; Green, H (1963). "Quantitative studies of the growth of mouse embryo cells in culture and their development into established lines". J. Cell Biol. (17): 299–313. doi:10.1083/jcb.17.2.299. 
  2. ↑ 3T3 Cell Line - an overview - ScienceDirect Topics
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 NIH 3T3 Cell Line Origins, Characteristics, Expression, and Cytogenetics

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