Xorrotxak

Xorrotxak
Personnage de fiction apparaissant dans
les Mascarades souletines.
Deux xorrotxak à Pagolle en 2023.
Deux xorrotxak à Pagolle en 2023.
Entourage beltzak
modifier 

Les Xorrotxoak (« rémouleurs » en souletin) sont des personnages des mascarades souletines. Ils sont chargés des commentaires chantés.

Description

Les Xorrotxoak sont des personnages secondaires. Originaires d'Auvergne[1], ils relèvent de la troupe des « Noirs » (beltzak), les étrangers qui apportent le chaos.

Ils sont vêtus d'habits simples mais soignés : des bottes, un ensemble de velours côtelé et un couvre-chef assorti, surmonté d'un écureuil empaillé. À la main ils portent un bâton[2]. L'un d'entre eux transporte un outillage à aiguiser[2].

Rôle dans la mascarade

En général au nombre de deux, ils interviennent à chaque barricade, après l'irruption des beltzak[2]. Ils y chantent a cappella et à deux voix un couplet où ils critiquent les acteurs qui les précèdent[1]. Leur chant peut-être en langue basque, ou combiner du basque et du français, du basque et du béarnais[3] ; l'air provient d'une contredanse de la fin du XVIIIe siècle, La Rémouleuse[4].

Pendant la représentation de la mascarade, leur intervention principale est l'affûtage de l'épée de Jauna, le maître[1].

Les rémouleuses affûtent l'épée de Jauna.
Les rémouleuses affûtent l'épée de Jauna. 
Sur une barricade à Abense-de-haut en 2019.
Sur une barricade à Abense-de-haut en 2019. 
À Idaux-Mendy en 2015.
À Idaux-Mendy en 2015. 
L'entrée dans Tardets-Sorholus en 2008.
L'entrée dans Tardets-Sorholus en 2008. 
À Sauguis en 2014.
À Sauguis en 2014. 

Bibliographie

Références

  1. ↑ a b et c Marcel Bedaxagar, Les Mascarades : Carnaval populaire de la Soule, Institut culturel basque, coll. « Les Cahiers de Sü Azia », , 55 p., « Que sont les mascarades ? », p. 10
  2. ↑ a b et c (eu) « Xorroxak - Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia », sur aunamendi.eusko-ikaskuntza.eus (consulté le )
  3. ↑ Guilcher 1984, p. 637.
  4. ↑ Guilcher 1984, p. 636.

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