Women's Liberal Federation

Women's Liberal Federation
Histoire
Fondation
Cadre
Type
Pays
Organisation
Fondatrice

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Catherine (première présidente de la WLF) et William Gladstone.

La Women's Liberal Federation (WLF), était l'organisation féminine du Parti libéral britannique.

Histoire

La Women's Liberal Federation est créée à l'initiative de Sophia Fry qui, en 1886, réunit chez elle une quinzaine d'associations féminines libérales locales[1]. L'idée de monter une organisation nationale est acceptée et prend forme en 1887, lors de la rencontre de quarante associations à Londres[2]. Elle compte au départ 6 000 membres[3] mais ce nombre augmente rapidement, atteignant 75 000 femmes en 1892[4]. En 1904, la WLF compte 494 associations affiliées et environ 67 600 membres[3].

Jusqu'en 1892, la Women's Liberal Federation est divisée entre les partisanes du droit de vote des femmes et celles qui déclaraient être neutres en la matière. Cette année-là, le Premier ministre libéral William Gladstone écrit une lettre s'opposant au vote féminin, et la WLF organise alors un débat de trois jours pour établir une position ferme sur le sujet. Finalement, les déléguées votent pour soutenir le droit de vote des femmes. Cela conduit au départ d'environ 50-60 organisations affiliées, soit 7 000-10 000 personnes, qui créent la Women's National Liberal Association[5].

En 1905, le WLF demande une législation plus juste pour les femmes, comprenant l'introduction du suffrage féminin lors des élections locales et parlementaires, au même titre que les hommes[3].

En 1988, lorsque le Parti libéral fusionne avec le Parti social-démocrate pour former les Libéraux-démocrates, la Women's Liberal Federation est dissoute.

Liste des présidentes (1887-1968)

Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon.
Violet Bonham Carter.
Hilda Runciman.

La présidente est élue chaque année[6].

Début Fin Nom
1887 1893 Catherine Gladstone
1893 1894 Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon
1894 1902 Rosalind Howard
1902 1906 Ishbel Hamilton-Gordon
1906 1915 Rosalind Howard
1915 1919 Laura McLaren
1919 1921 Hilda Runciman
1921 1923 La vicomtesse Cowdray
1923 1925 Violet Bonham Carter
1925 1927 Margaret Wintringham
1927 1929 Margery Corbett Ashby
1929 1931 Eleanor Acland
1931 1932 Catherine Alderton
1932 1934 Margaret Wintringham
1934 1936 Alison Garland
1936 1938 Megan Lloyd George
1938 1939 La vicomtesse Dorothy Gladstone
1939 1945 Violet Bonham Carter
1945 1947 Megan Lloyd George
1947 1949 Eleanor Layton, Lady Layton
1949 1950 Ethel Strudwick
1950 1952 Doreen Gorsky
1952 1955 Malys Thompson
1955 19?? Sybil Mary Whitamore
1961 1962 Heather Harvey
1962 1964 ou plus tard Winifred Grubb
à partir de 1965 ? Audrey Malindine
1966 1968 Gaenor Heathcoat Amory
1968 1970 Inga-Stina Robson
1970 1972 Penelope Jessel
1972 1974 Joyce Rose
1974 1977 Nancy Seear
1977 1978 Nelia Penman
1978 19?? Meg Budd
197? 198? Desmond Banks
198? 1983 Elizabeth Sidney
1983 1985 Laura Grimond
1986 1988 Christina Baron

Références

  1. ↑ Patricia Hollis, Ladies Elect: Women in English Local Government 1865-1914, p. 57.
  2. ↑ Krista Cowman, Women in British Politics, c.1689-1979, Palgrave Macmillan, , 224 p. (ISBN 978-0-230-54557-1)
  3. ↑ a b et c The Liberal Year Book, 1905.
  4. ↑ « Fry, Sophia », Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (édition en ligne), Oxford University Press.
  5. ↑ Patricia Hollis, Ladies Elect: Women in English Local Government 1865-1914, p. 65.
  6. ↑ The Liberal Year Book, 1905-1939.

Bibliographie

  • « Women's Liberal Federation », dans Elizabeth Crawford, The Women's Suffrage Movement. A Reference Guide 1866–1928, Londres, Routledge, , p. 724 Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article.

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