Séisme de 2013 au Pakistan

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Séisme de 2013 au Pakistan
Image illustrative de l’article Séisme de 2013 au Pakistan
Date
Magnitude 7.7
Épicentre 27° 00′ 00″ nord, 65° 30′ 50″ est
Profondeur 15 km
Régions affectées Drapeau du Pakistan Pakistan
Drapeau de l'Inde Inde
Drapeau d'Oman Oman
Victimes 825 morts
700 blessés
Géolocalisation sur la carte : Pakistan
(Voir situation sur carte : Pakistan)
Séisme de 2013 au Pakistan
modifier 

Le séisme de 2013 au Pakistan, ou séisme du Balouchistan, est un séisme de magnitude 7.7 Mw. La zone de rupture, longue de 66 km, est située dans la province du Baloutchistan, au sud-ouest du Pakistan.

Ce séisme est lié à une rupture au sein de la plaque eurasiatique. Bien que sismiquement active, cette plaque n'a pas connu de tremblements de terre destructeurs au cours des dernières siècles. Seul un séisme de magnitude 6,1 avait tué six personnes en , à 200 kilomètres de l'épicentre du séisme de 2013[1].

Bilan et conséquences

Au moins 825 personnes ont été tuées[2] et 700 autres ont été blessées. Il y eut au total 11 répliques d'une magnitude allant de 4,7[3] à 6,8[4] les jours suivants.

La plupart des habitations touchées se sont effondrées. Deux jours après le séisme, le , deux roquettes sont tirées en direction d'un hélicoptère transportant le major-général Muhammad Saeed Aleem, président de l'Autorité nationale de gestion des catastrophes ainsi que d'autres officiels du gouvernement et des journalistes. Les autorités pakistanaises attribuent la responsabilité de cette attaque aux séparatistes baloutches, actifs dans la région[5].

Émergence de Zalzala Koh

C'est à la suite de ce séisme qu'est apparue l'île de Zalzala Koh, située à une centaine de mètres au large du port de Gwadar. L'île est due à une liquéfaction du sol (perte de cohésion du sol), effet secondaire des ondes de surface, qu'on appelle aussi volcan de boue.

Notes et références

  1. ↑ (en) M7.7 - 63km NNE of Awaran, Pakistan 2013-09-24 11:29:47 UTC, United States Geological Survey, 24 septembre 2013
  2. ↑ « Dunya News: Pakistan:-825 dead, relief slow to reach Balochistan quake v... », sur dunyanews.tv (consulté le )
  3. ↑ (en) M4.7 - 101km NNE of Awaran, Pakistan 2013-09-24 12:07:06 UTC, United States Geological Survey, 24 septembre 2013
  4. ↑ (en) M6.8 - 84km NNE of Awaran, Pakistan 2013-09-28 07:34:06 UTC, United States Geological Survey, 28 septembre 2013
  5. ↑ (en-US) Sophia Saifi, for CNN, « Pakistan quake death toll rises to 356 », sur CNN (consulté le )

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

Liens externes

v · m
Séismes majeurs en 2013
Février Îles Salomon
Avril
Septembre Pakistan
Octobre Bohol (Philippines)

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