Sonate K. 356

Sonate K. 356
ut majeur2/2, Con spirito andante, 119 mes.

K.355K.356 → K.357
L.442L.443 → L.444
P.487P.488 → P.490
F.492F.493 → F.494
IX 28 ← Parme IX 29 → IX 30
IV 60Münster IV 61 → IV 62

La sonate K. 356 (F.493/L.443) en ut majeur est une œuvre pour clavier du compositeur italien Domenico Scarlatti.

Présentation

La sonate K. 356, en ut majeur, notée Con spirito andante, forme une paire avec la sonate suivante. Ces deux sonates, absentes du manuscrit de Venise, ne sont copiées que dans le manuscrit de Parme et forment les dernières du volume IX.

La K. 356, qui porte l'inscription per cembalo expresso, est écrite sur quatre portées pour mieux articuler les plans sonores ou simplement éviter les changements de clés[1]. Mais le sens du terme n'est pas connu précisément. Le clavier montant jusqu'au sol dans l'aigu, le terme ne désigne pas un piano-forte, dont l'ambitus s'arrête au mi. Malgré l’écriture sur les quatre portées, qui semble nécessiter deux claviers, seuls des clavecins espagnols à un seul clavier figurent dans l'inventaire des instruments de la cour. Kenneth Gilbert propose de rapprocher l'expression avec notre clavecin ravalé, qui désigne un instrument agrandi, élargi, étendu[2].

On retrouve ce changement « de registre très marqués, en haut et en bas du clavecin, pour obtenir des contrastes de couleurs » dans les sonates K. 387, 524 et 525[1]



\version "2.18.2"
\header {
  tagline = ##f
  % composer = "Domenico Scarlatti"
  % opus = "K. 356"
  % meter = "Con spirito andante"
}

%% les petites notes
trillGqpUp     = { \tag #'print { g'4.\prall } \tag #'midi { a16 g32 a g a g16~ g8 } }
trillGqpDown   = { \tag #'print { g,4.\prall } \tag #'midi { a16 g32 a g a g16~ g8 } }
trillGqp       = { \tag #'print { g4.\prall } \tag #'midi { a16 g32 a g a g16~ g8 } }
trillEqpUp     = { \tag #'print { e'4.\prall } \tag #'midi { f16 e32 f e f e16~ e8 } }
trillEqp       = { \tag #'print { e4.^\prall } \tag #'midi { f16 e32 f e f e16~ e8 } }
trillEqpDown   = { \tag #'print { e,4.\prall } \tag #'midi { f16 e32 f e f e16~ e8 } }
trillEqpDDown  = { \tag #'print { e,,4.\prall } \tag #'midi { f16 e32 f e f e16~ e8 } }
trillCq        = { \tag #'print { c8\prall } \tag #'midi { c32 d c~ c } }


upper = \relative c'' {
  \clef treble 
  \key c \major
  \time 2/2
  \tempo 2 = 59
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"harpsichord"
  \override TupletBracket.bracket-visibility = ##f

      s8*0^\markup{Con spirito andante}
      \partial 2 
      \repeat unfold 2 { \trillGqpUp f16 g | c4 g } \trillGqp f16 g | \times 2/3 { a8 f g }   \omit TupletNumber \times 2/3 { a8[ b c] } \times 2/3 { b8 a g } \times 2/3 { f8[ e d] }
      % ms. 4
      e4 c   \clef bass \repeat unfold 2 { \trillGqpDown f16 g | c4 g } \trillGqp f16 g | a4   \clef treble a' \times 2/3 { g8 f e } \times 2/3 { d8 c b } 
      % ms. 8
      c4 g'' \trillGqp f16 g | \times 2/3 { a8 c b } b4~ \times 2/3 { b8 c d } \times 2/3 { c8[ b a] } | \times 2/3 { g8 e' d] } \times 2/3 { c8 b a } \trillGqp f16 g | \times 2/3 { a8 c b } b4~ \times 2/3 { b8 c d } \times 2/3 { c8[ b a] } | 
      % ms. 12
      g4  \clef bass  g,, \trillGqp f16 g | \times 2/3 { a8 c b } b4~ \times 2/3 { b8 c d } \times 2/3 { c8[ b a] } | \times 2/3 { g8 e' d } \times 2/3 { c8[ b a] } \trillGqp f16 g | \times 2/3 { a8 c b } b4~ \times 2/3 { b8 c d } \times 2/3 { c8[ b a] } | 
      % ms. 16
      g2  \clef treble \times 2/3 { e''8 f g } g4 |  \times 2/3 { a8 g f } d'2  \times 2/3 { \trillCq b8 c }  \times 2/3 { g'8 d b }
 g4 \clef treble \times 2/3 { e8 f g } g4 |  \times 2/3 { a8 g f } d'2  \times 2/3 { \trillCq b8 c } 
      % ms. 20
      \times 2/3 { g'8 d b } \times 2/3 { g8[ d b] }  \times 2/3 { g8 d b } s4 | r4 s4

}

lower = \relative c' {
  \clef bass
  \key c \major
  \time 2/2
  \set Staff.midiInstrument = #"harpsichord"
  \override TupletBracket.bracket-visibility = ##f

      s8*0^\markup{\italic "Per cembalo expresso"}
    % ************************************** \appoggiatura a16  \repeat unfold 2 {  } \times 2/3 { }   \omit TupletNumber 
        \clef treble  \trillEqpUp d16 e | \repeat unfold 2 { << { c2 } \\ { c4 e \trillEqp d16 e } >> } | f,4 f g g 
      % ms. 4
      c,2   \clef bass \repeat unfold 2 { << { \trillEqpDown d16 e } \\ { c2 } >> | c,4 e' } << { \trillEqp d16 e } \\ { c2 } >> f,4 f' g g, |
      % ms. 8
      c2    \clef treble   < c'' e >4 q | < c f > q q q | < c e > q q q | < c f > q q q |
      % ms. 12
      < c e >4 r4 \clef bass  << { \trillEqpDDown d16 e } \\ { c2 } >> c,4 < c' f > q q | c, e' << { \trillEqp d16 e } \\ { c2 } >> | c,4 < c' f > q q |
      % ms. 16
      c,2  \clef treble   < c''' e >4 q | < b d > q < c e > q | < g d' > q < c e > q | < b d > q < c e > q |
      % ms. 20
      < g d' >2 r4  \clef bass \omit TupletNumber  \times 2/3 { g,8 d b } | g2

}

thePianoStaff = \new PianoStaff <<
    \set PianoStaff.instrumentName = #"Clav."
    \new Staff = "upper" \upper
    \new Staff = "lower" \lower
  >>

\score {
  \keepWithTag #'print \thePianoStaff
  \layout {
      #(layout-set-staff-size 17)
    \context {
      \Score
     \override SpacingSpanner.common-shortest-duration = #(ly:make-moment 1/2)
      \remove "Metronome_mark_engraver"
    }
  }
}

\score {
  \keepWithTag #'midi \thePianoStaff
  \midi { }
}
Premières mesures de la sonate en ut majeur K. 356, de Domenico Scarlatti.

Manuscrits

Le manuscrit principal est Parme IX 29 (1754, Ms. A. G. 31414) ; les autres sources sont Münster IV 61 (Sant Hs 3967) et Vienne B 59 (VII 28011 B)[3].

Parme IX 29.

Interprètes

La sonate K. 356 est défendue au piano, notamment par Carlo Grante (2013, Music & Arts, vol. 4) ; au clavecin elle est jouée par Ralph Kirkpatrick (1965, Archiv), Scott Ross (1985, Erato)[4], Richard Lester (2005, Nimbus, vol. 3) et Pieter-Jan Belder (Brilliant Classics, vol. 8).

Notes et références

  1. a et b Kirkpatrick 1982, p. 224.
  2. Chambure 1985, p. 214, 239–240 (127, 180).
  3. Kirkpatrick 1982, p. 469.
  4. Victor Tribot Laspière, « Au Château d’Assas, sur les traces de Scott Ross et de Scarlatti », sur France Musique, (consulté le ).

Sources

Document utilisé pour la rédaction de l’article : document utilisé comme source pour la rédaction de cet article.

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