Sûreté de l'État (Tchécoslovaquie)

Cet article est une ébauche concernant le renseignement, la Slovaquie et la Tchéquie.

Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants.
Page d’aide sur l’homonymie

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Sûreté de l'État, Sécurité d'État et STB.

La Sûreté de l'État (Státní bezpečnost en tchèque, Štátna bezpečnosť en slovaque), plus connue sous ses initiales de StB, est un service de renseignements tchécoslovaque. Créée en 1945, elle est devenue le service de sécurité du régime communiste tchécoslovaque et a servi principalement de courroie de transmission au KGB soviétique.

Structure et normes

Les droits et devoirs de la StB étaient définis dans la loi no 149/1947 Sb., et la loi sur la défense nationale 286/1948 Sb. a encore étendu ses pouvoirs. Le service de renseignement emploie un personnel régulier de 15 000 à 17 000 personnes. En 1989, ses fichiers comprennent 30 000 informateurs chargés de dénoncer tout agissement contre le régime[1],[2].

Activités

Outil de la StB pour ouvrir les lettres

Ses activités étaient les suivantes :

  • recueil et analyse d’informations politiques et économiques concernant la sécurité du pays ;
  • contre-espionnage ;
  • lutte contre la dissidence anticommuniste.

Dans les années 1950, les agents de la StB conduisaient également des actions illégales à l'étranger. Ils enlevèrent par exemple en 1953 l'émigré Bohumil Laušman en Autriche et le ramenèrent en Tchécoslovaquie ; ils organisèrent en 1957 un attentat à Strasbourg, qui coûta la vie à l'épouse du préfet français André-Marie Trémeaud[3].

Les documents déclassifiés des archives tchèques ont dévoilé que Mehdi Ben Barka, homme politique marocain, un des principaux opposants socialistes au roi Hassan II et le chef de file du mouvement tiers-mondiste et panafricaniste, avait été un collaborateur de premier plan de la StB de 1961 jusqu'à son enlèvement[4],[5],[6],[7].

Fin de la StB

En 1994, elle a été dissoute et remplacée par la Bezpečnostní informační služba.

Notes et références

  1. ↑ Petr Holub, « Small but effective: communist secret police dissected », sur aktualne.cz,
  2. ↑ Daniel Lee, Le fauteuil de l’officier SS, Éditions Liana Levi, , 416 p., p. 34.Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
  3. ↑ « Le tribunal de Prague a suspendu les poursuites de deux ex-agents de la StB accusés de meurtre », Radio Prague, 24 octobre 2006.
  4. ↑ (en) Jan Koura, A prominent spy: Mehdi Ben Barka, Czechoslovak intelligence, and Eastern Bloc Espionage in the Third World during the Cold War, Intelligence and National Security, 36(2): p.1-22, 6 novembre 2020
  5. ↑ Sonia Devilliers, « Un espion communiste au "Canard Enchaîné" ! », sur France Inter, (consulté le ).
  6. ↑ Les liaisons entre Ben Barka et la StB à nouveau au centre d’une controverse, radio.cz, 4 janvier 2022
  7. ↑ (en) Jason Burke, Moroccan opposition leader Mehdi ben Barka was a spy, cold war files suggest, theguardian.com, 26 décembre 2021

Articles connexes

Read other articles:

Ptah

Ptaḥin geroglifici Ptah Ptaḥ (creatore) (o Tanen, Ta-tenen, Tathenen, Peteḥ, Phtha, nell'Aida di Verdi: Fthà) è una divinità egizia appartenente alla religione dell'antico Egitto, dio creatore, demiurgo della città di Menfi, patrono degli artigiani e degli architetti nonché dio del sapere e della conoscenza. Lui stesso fu ingegnere, muratore, fabbro, artista. Api era il suo oracolo. Fu connesso con le divinità Sokar e Osiride, che insieme costituirono Ptah-Seker-Osiride. Come Tan...

 

Battaglia della Sacca di Fornovo

Questa voce sugli argomenti battaglie e seconda guerra mondiale è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti dei progetti di riferimento 1, 2. Battaglia della Sacca di Fornovoparte della offensiva della primavera 1945 sul fronte italiano della Campagna d'ItaliaIl Gen. Otto Fretter-Pico si arrende alle truppe brasilianeData24 - 29 aprile 1945 LuogoFornovo di Taro, (Parma) EsitoVittoria Alleata, fine delle ostilità militari terr...

 

An-Nur, As-Selay

An-Nur, As-SelayPermukimanAn-Nur, As-SelayLocation in the Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaKoordinat: 24°38′N 46°43′E / 24.633°N 46.717°E / 24.633; 46.717Koordinat: 24°38′N 46°43′E / 24.633°N 46.717°E / 24.633; 46.717Negara Arab SaudiPemerintahan • Gubernur Pangeran RiyadhFaisal bin Bandar Al Saud • Wali kotaIbraheem Mohammed Al-SultanKetinggian612 m (2,008 ft)Zona waktuUTC+3 (AST) • Musim...

Azərbaycan Kuboku 2014-2015

Azərbaycan Kuboku 2014-2015 Competizione Azərbaycan Kuboku Sport Calcio Edizione 23ª Organizzatore AFFA Date dal 22 ottobre 2014al 3 giugno 2015 Luogo  Azerbaigian Partecipanti 18 Risultati Vincitore  Qarabağ(4º titolo) Secondo  Neftçi Baku Statistiche Incontri disputati 22 Gol segnati 54 (2,45 per incontro) Cronologia della competizione 2013-2014 2015-2016 Manuale La Azərbaycan Kuboku 2014-2015 è stata la 23ª edizione della coppa nazionale azera. La comp...

 

National League (Poland, 2007)

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Polish. (October 2019) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Polish article. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipe...

 

Grafing

Town in Bavaria, GermanyGrafing bei München TownMarket square Coat of armsLocation of Grafing bei München within Ebersberg district Grafing bei München Show map of GermanyGrafing bei München Show map of BavariaCoordinates: 48°3′N 11°58′E / 48.050°N 11.967°E / 48.050; 11.967CountryGermanyStateBavariaAdmin. regionOberbayern DistrictEbersberg Government • Mayor (2020–26) Christian Bauer[1] (CSU)Area • Total29.57 km2 (...

List of cities in South America

This is a list of cities in South America. Largest cities This list includes all South American cities with a population within city limits exceeding 500,000 according to official census figures, estimates or projections as of 2015, the most recent year for which official population census results, estimates or short-term projections are available for all of these cities. These figures do not reflect the population of the urban agglomeration or metropolitan area which typically do not coinci...

 

Národní basketbalová liga 2009-2010

Národní basketbalová liga 2009-2010Dettagli della competizioneSport Pallacanestro OrganizzatoreNárodní basketbalová liga Federazione ČBF Squadre12 VerdettiCampione ČEZ Nymburk(7º titolo) Retrocessioni Vyšehrad Ripescaggi Karma Basket Poděbrady Non ammesse allastagione successiva Karma Basket Poděbrady Cronologia della competizioneed. successiva →     ← ed. precedente Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale La Národní basketbalová liga 2009...

 

Clarins Open 1989

Clarins Open 1989 Sport Tennis Data 18 settembre – 24 settembre Edizione 3ª Superficie Terra rossa Campioni Singolare Sandra Cecchini Doppio Sandra Cecchini / Patricia Tarabini 1988 1990 Il Clarins Open 1989 è stato un torneo di tennis giocato sulla terra rossa. È stata la 3ª edizione del torneo, che fa parte della categoria Tier V nell'ambito del WTA Tour 1989. Si è giocato a Parigi in Francia, dal 18 al 24 settembre 1989. Indice 1 Campionesse 1.1 Singolare 1.2 Doppio 2 Collegamenti ...

Richard Reiss

British Liberal Party politician Richard Leopold Reiss (20 May 1883 – 30 September 1959), was a British Liberal Party politician who later joined the Labour Party. He was Director of the Hampstead Garden Suburb Trust Ltd. He was awarded the Order of St Olav of Norway.[1] In 1948 he was awarded the Howard Memorial Medal for outstanding services to town planning.[2] Political career Reiss was active first for the Liberal Party, both as a policy developer and as a parliamentary...

 

The Creator (2023 film)

Sci-fi film by Gareth Edwards The CreatorTheatrical release posterDirected byGareth EdwardsScreenplay by Gareth Edwards Chris Weitz Story byGareth EdwardsProduced by Gareth Edwards Kiri Hart Jim Spencer Arnon Milchan Starring John David Washington Gemma Chan Ken Watanabe Sturgill Simpson Allison Janney Cinematography Greig Fraser Oren Soffer Edited by Hank Corwin Joe Walker Scott Morris Music byHans ZimmerProductioncompanies Regency Enterprises Entertainment One New Regency Bad Dreams Distrib...

 

Andhra Prabha

Telugu language daily newspaper of India Andhra PrabhaJournalism first !TypeDaily newspaperFormatBroadsheetOwner(s)Mootha Gopalakrishna (spelled as Muttha Gopalakrishna)Founder(s)Ramnath GoenkaPublisherAndhra Prabha Publications Ltd.EditorMootha Goutham (spelled as Muttha Goutham)FoundedAugust 15, 1938LanguageTeluguHeadquartersHyderabad, IndiaWebsiteOfficial website Andhra Prabha - Journalism first is a Telugu language daily newspaper of India sold mostly in the states of Andhra Pradesh ...

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on religion

Impact of COVID-19 on religion This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (May 2023) Social distancing measures implemented at a mosque in Malaysia during the movement control order Part of a series on theCOVID-19 pandemicScientifically accurate atomic model of the external structure of SARS-CoV-2. Each ball is an atom. COVID-19 (disease) SARS-CoV-2 (virus) Cases Deaths Timeline 2019 2020 January responses Februar...

 

مايكل أوكرلوند ليفيت

مايكل أوكرلوند ليفيت (بالإنجليزية: Michael Okerlund Leavitt)‏  معلومات شخصية الميلاد 11 فبراير 1951 (العمر 73 سنة)سيدار سيتي مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  عدد الأولاد 5   إخوة وأخوات ديفيد أو. ليفيت  مناصب حاكم يوتا (14 )   في المنصب4 يناير 1993  – 5 نوفمبر 2003  مدير وكالة حماية الب...

 

Steele Von Hoff

Australian racing cyclist Steele Von HoffVon Hoff in 2016Personal informationFull nameSteele Von HoffNicknameStainlessBorn (1987-12-31) 31 December 1987 (age 36)Mornington, Victoria, AustraliaHeight1.80 m (5 ft 11 in)Weight70 kg (154 lb)Team informationDisciplineRoadRoleRiderRider typeSprinterAmateur teams2009–2010Torq Performance Nutrition2011Genesys Wealth Advisers2012Chipotle–First Solar Development Team2012Garmin–Sharp (stagiaire)2019Team Rele...

Leonardo Cattaneo della Volta

Leonardo Cattaneo della Volta52nd Doge of the Republic of GenoaIn officeJanuary 4, 1541 – January 4, 1543Preceded byGiannandrea Giustiniani LongoSucceeded byAndrea Centurione Pietrasanta Personal detailsBorn1487Genoa, Republic of GenoaDied1572Genoa, Republic of Genoa Leonardo Cattaneo della Volta (1487 – 1572) was the 52nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa. Biography Son of Angelo Cattaneo della Volta and Maria Cattaneo di Quilico, he was born in Genoa around 1487. His noble and need...

 

Galanthis

Mythical character Birth of Heracles by Jean Jacques Francois Le Barbier. In Greek mythology, Galanthis or Galinthias (Ancient Greek: Γαλανθίς/Γαλινθιάς, romanized: Galanthís/Galinthiás) was the woman who interfered with Hera's plan to hinder the birth of Heracles in favor of Eurystheus, and was changed into a weasel or cat as punishment for being so insolent as to deceive the goddesses of birth that were acting on Hera's behalf. Mythology Ovid's account In the version...

 

Brian Schneider

American baseball player (born 1976) For the American football coach, see Brian Schneider (American football). Baseball player Brian SchneiderSchneider with the Philadelphia Phillies in 2012CatcherBorn: (1976-11-26) November 26, 1976 (age 47)Jacksonville, Florida, U.S.Batted: LeftThrew: RightMLB debutMay 26, 2000, for the Montreal ExposLast MLB appearanceAugust 23, 2012, for the Philadelphia PhilliesMLB statisticsBatting average.247Home runs67Runs batted in3...

Kentucky's 7th congressional district

Kentucky's 7th congressional districtObsolete districtCreated1810Eliminated1990Years active1813–1993 Kentucky's 7th congressional district was a district of the United States House of Representatives in Kentucky. It was eliminated in 1993 when reapportionment reduced Kentucky's House representation from seven seats to six. The eastern Kentucky region formerly in the 7th district is now largely in the 5th district. The last congressman to represent the 7th district was Chris Perkins, who su...

 

Erzegovina

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento Bosnia ed Erzegovina non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Erzegovina(BS, HR) Hercegovina(SR) Херцеговина Stati Bosnia ed Erzegovina TerritorioPenisola balcanica CapoluogoMostar Superficie12 000 km² Linguebosniaco, serbo, croato (serbocroato) Fusi orariUTC+1 La Bosnia in marro...