Ras Jebel

Ras Jebel
Ras Jebel
Vue d'une mosquée de Ras Jebel.
Administration
Pays Drapeau de la Tunisie Tunisie
Gouvernorat Bizerte
Délégation(s) Ras Jebel
Code postal 7070
Démographie
Gentilé Ghwalbia
Population 28 610 hab. (2014[1])
Densité 1 022 hab./km2
Géographie
Coordonnées 37° 12′ 54″ nord, 10° 07′ 26″ est
Altitude 14 m
Superficie 2 800 ha = 28 km2
Localisation
Géolocalisation sur la carte : Tunisie
Voir sur la carte topographique de Tunisie
Ras Jebel
Géolocalisation sur la carte : Tunisie
Voir sur la carte administrative de Tunisie
Ras Jebel

Ras Jebel ou Ras El Jebel (arabe : رأس الجبل) est une ville côtière du nord-est de la Tunisie, située entre El Alia et Ghar El Melh, à une trentaine de kilomètres de Bizerte.

Rattachée administrativement au gouvernorat de Bizerte, elle constitue une municipalité comptant 28 610 habitants en 2014[1]. Elle est le centre de la délégation du même nom comptant 51 240 habitants en 2004 et englobant les secteurs de Ras Jebel Nord, Ras Jebel Sud, Metline, Metline Ouest, Sounine, Raf Raf et El Garia[2].

Le nom de la ville désigne le sommet ou l'extrémité de la montagne, évoquant ainsi la fin de la chaîne de l'Atlas.

Histoire

Elle est fondée par les Romains entre les IIIe et IVe siècles.

Vers la deuxième moitié du XIVe siècle, les Andalous expulsés d'Espagne se seraient installés sur le site après avoir bénéficié de concessions agricoles. Les habitants de la ville portent le gentilé de Ghwalbia en référence à la tribu arabe des Banou Ghalib provenant de la région espagnole de Saragosse d'où est issue la majorité de la première vague d'Andalous installés à Ras Jebel. Une route reliant le port de Carthage à la région de Ras Jebel porte le nom de Qalat El Andalus (citadelle des Andalous).

Économie

Historiquement, la région de Ras Jebel appartient aux régions traditionnelles d'agriculture paysanne. L'irrigation profite en partie d'une canalisation provenant de la Medjerda. Elle fait partie des villages à tradition andalouse où l'agriculture intensive remonte à un passé lointain. L'agriculture est devenue progressivement tournée vers le marché et a recours à des techniques de plus en plus intensives (maraîchage et arboriculture fruitière en irrigation ainsi qu'élevage intensif). 75 % des exploitations agricoles de Ras Jebel ont une superficie de moins de cinq hectares[3].

Au cours des dernières décennies, une industrie textile s'est installée dans les alentours de la ville. Les premières usines à s'établir sont celles de Lee Cooper. Cette industrie emploie un nombre important de jeunes ouvrières de Ras Jebel et des villages avoisinants.

Personnalités

Références

  1. a et b (ar) « Populations, logements et ménages par unités administratives et milieux » [PDF], sur census.ins.tn (consulté le ).
  2. « Recensement de 2004 », sur ins.nat.tn.
  3. Majid Mathlouthi et Fethi Lebdi, « Gestion en commun des infrastructures d'un périmètre d'irrigation au nord de la Tunisie » [PDF], sur planbleu.org, .

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