Récepteur membranaire

Un récepteur membranaire est une protéine membranaire permettant la détection spécifique de molécules notamment des molécules de signalisation (hormones, facteurs de croissance, interleukinesetc.) et déclenchant une cascade de réaction biochimique de transduction de signaux faisant souvent appel à des protéines kinase[1] ce qui aboutit à une modification des fonctions de la cellule en réponse au signal reçu.

Les récepteurs membranaires peuvent également servir à la fixation de molécules ou de complexes moléculaires en circulation dans le milieu extracellulaire en vue de leur absorption par la cellule, comme c'est le cas des lipoprotéines, structures chargées de transporter les graisses (hydrophobes) dans le sang, milieu aqueux.

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Notes et références

  1. Raven, Johnson, Mason,Losos, Duncan, Biologie, Louvain-la-Neuve, De Boeck, , 1345 p. (ISBN 978-2-8073-2702-3), p. 183

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