Phnom Bok

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Phnom Bok
La colline du Phnom Bok.
Géographie
Pays
Altitude
205 mVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Coordonnées
Carte

modifier - modifier le code - modifier WikidataDocumentation du modèle

Phnom Bok (en khmer : ប្រាសាទភ្នំបូក) est une colline au nord-est du Baray oriental au Cambodge où est bâti un temple à son sommet.

Description

Cette élévation fait partie de la "trilogie des montagnes", où chacune est surmontée d'un temple construit avec une disposition similaire. Les deux autres collines étant Phnom Bakheng et Phnom Krom.

Histoire

La création du temple date du règne de Yasovarman Ier (889-910), quand la capitale du pays a été transférée à Angkor et nommée Yasodharapura[1].

Le site des trois collines a été choisi par Yashovarman car située le long de Baray oriental (dont seule subsiste la base de l'autel central). Au XXe siècle, ces sanctuaires avaient une grande valeur religieuse d'après le rite angkorien. Au point de vue astronomique, l'alignement des temples permettait d'observer les équinoxes et les solstices d'hiver et d'été de l'intérieur de l'entrée ouest du temple situé sur le Phnom Bok, connu également pour son triple sanctuaire dédié à la Trimurti.

Artefacts

C'est dans ce triple sanctuaire que la mission Louis Delaporte a découvert, en 1873, les trois têtes représentant la Trimurti. Elles sont à présent exposées au Musée Guimet à Paris.

Galerie d'images

Artéfacts provenant du triple sanctuaire du Phnom Bok. Musée Guimet, Paris.
Tête de Shiva
Tête de Shiva
 
Tête de Vishnou
Tête de Vishnou
 
Tête de Brahma
Tête de Brahma
 

Notes et références

  1. ↑ Bruno Dagens, Les Khmers, Société d'édition Les Belles Lettres, , 335 p. (ISBN 9782251410203), chap. I (« Le pays khmer. L'histoire »), p. 28-29
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