Miroir de Vénus

Legousia speculum-veneris

Page d’aide sur l’homonymie

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Vénus.

Legousia speculum-veneris
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Miroir de Vénus (illustration botanique).
Classification
Règne Plantae
Classe Magnoliopsida
Ordre Campanulales
Famille Campanulaceae
Genre Legousia

Espèce

Legousia speculum-veneris
(L.) Chaix, 1786

Classification phylogénétique

Ordre Asterales
Famille Campanulaceae

Le Miroir de vénus (Legousia speculum-veneris) est une espèce de plante herbacée annuelle de la famille des Campanulacées.

Le genre Legousia a été dédié au botaniste Bénigne Le Gouz de Gerland, qui fonda en le Jardin Botanique de la ville de Dijon.

Ses autres appellations sont Campanula speculum L., Legousia arvensis Durande, Specularia speculum veneris (L.) De Candolle, Prismatocarpus speculum L'Héritier.

La miroir de Vénus est aussi nommée en France Speculaire miroir, Mirette[1], et en Allemagne Gemeiner Frauenspiegel, en Espagne espejo de venus, en Italie specchio di venere comune et en Angleterre large Venus's-looking-glass[2].

Description

Miroir de Vénus au mois de juin dans un champ de céréales dans le nord de l'Yonne en France.

C'est une petite plante assez poilue, aux tiges ramifiées, aux feuilles alternes oblongues légèrement gaufrées, aux fleurs mesurant environ 2 cm, à corolles en étoile, groupées en panicules lâches, aux sépales dentés. Le fruit est une capsule.

Elle se distingue du Miroir de Vénus hybride (Legousia hybrida) par ses fleurs plus grandes[3].

Habitat et répartition

On la rencontre dans les terrains vagues ou cultivés en plaine jusqu'à l'étage montagnard en Europe centrale et méridionale, en Asie occidentale et en Afrique septentrionale. En Amérique elle est présente en Californie et en Pennsylvanie[4].

En France métropolitaine elle est présente dans tous les départements sauf huit dont ceux de Corse[5].

Statut

Cette espèce est protégée dans le Limousin (Article 1).

Utilisation

Le miroir de Vénus est utilisée en salade.

Notes et références

  1. ↑ MNHN & OFB [Ed]. 2003-présent. Inventaire national du patrimoine naturel (INPN), Site web : https://inpn.mnhn.fr, consulté le 19 décembre 2020
  2. ↑ INRA Dijon
  3. ↑ « FLOREALPES : Comparaison entre Legousia hybrida (L.) Delarbre, 1800 et Legousia speculum-veneris (L.) Chaix, 1785 », sur www.florealpes.com (consulté le )
  4. ↑ USDA
  5. ↑ (fr) Référence Tela Botanica (France métro) : Legousia speculum-veneris

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