Le tournoi des WTA Finals, généralement appelé Masters dans le langage courant, est un tournoi du circuit professionnelWTA, réunissant chaque fin de saison les huit meilleures joueuses de tennis de l'année.
Historique
La première édition du Masters, parrainée par le cigarettier Virginia Slims[1], a lieu en 1972 sur terre battue, à Boca Raton en Floride. Quelque 100 000 dollars sont mis en jeu : une rétribution d'un montant alors jamais vu dans le sport féminin. Chris Evert, 17 ans, s'impose aisément, mais doit renoncer au chèque de 25 000 dollars destiné à la gagnante en raison de son statut d'amateur[2].
Entre 1975 et 1986, le Masters est programmés en mars, venant (de 1977 à 1982) conclure la mi-saison des Virginia Slims/Avon Series. La WTA décidant ensuite de planifier sa saison de janvier à novembre, elle les déplace donc en novembre[3].
De 1984 à 1998, la finale du simple s'est jouée en cinq manches. À trois occasions, cinq sets ont été effectivement disputés : en 1990 (victoire de Monica Seles), 1995 et 1996 (deux victoires de Steffi Graf).
Organisation du tournoi
Officieusement considéré par certains comme un cinquième Grand Chelem, le Masters met aux prises, en 1972, 1974 et de 1983 à 2002, les seize meilleures joueuses de l'année écoulée, dans un tableau classique avec têtes de série et élimination directe — sauf en 1973 (tableau élargi à 32 joueuses) et de 1975 à 1982 (huit joueuses en « round robin »).
À partir de 2003, en vue de réunir les têtes d'affiche les plus attractives, seules huit qualifiées se voient ouvrir les portes de la compétition, selon les modalités dites du « round robin » : séparées en deux poules de quatre joueuses, les deux premières de chacune sont conviées en demi-finale avant l'ultime confrontation pour le titre.
En double dames, ce sont les huit paires les plus performantes de la saison qui se disputent le titre (les quatre meilleures, entre 2003 et 2013). Le tournoi est organisé en élimination directe, sauf en 2015 et depuis 2019 où le format de poules est utilisé.
↑ abc et dEntre 1975 et 1978, l'épreuve de double dames du Masters (Virginia Slims) se déroule une ou deux semaines plus tard que l'épreuve de simple, à l'occasion d'un tournoi bien distinct: le championnat de double WTA (également appelé Bridgestone Doubles en raison de son principal sponsor).
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