Mannar

Mannar
tamoul : மன்னார்
singhalais : මන්නාරම
Mannar
La chaussée reliant l'île de Mannar à Mannar
Administration
Pays Drapeau du Sri Lanka Sri Lanka
Province Province du Nord
District District de Mannar
Démographie
Population 35 000 hab. (est 2007)
Géographie
Coordonnées 8° 58′ 00″ nord, 79° 53′ 00″ est
Localisation
Géolocalisation sur la carte : Sri Lanka
Voir sur la carte administrative du Sri Lanka
Mannar

Mannar (en tamoul : மன்னார்; en singhalais : මන්නාරම), est une ville du Sri Lanka, chef-lieu du district de Mannar dans la province du Nord. Sise au bord de la mer (golfe de Mannar) la ville eut une importance stratégique durant l’ère coloniale portugaise et est aujourd’hui un centre notable de la pêche aux perles.

La ville de Mannar a donné son nom au golfe de Mannar et à l’île de Mannar à laquelle elle est reliée par une chaussée. Stratégiquement importante car ville la plus rapprochée de la côte des pêcheurs en Inde, elle compte quelque 35 000 habitants. La majorité des habitants sont tamouls.

Histoire

Dès l’Antiquité (IIe siècle) Mannar, avec son île, est connue comme un centre de pêche aux perles.

La présence des Portugais est signalée depuis la première moitié du XVIe siècle. Saint François Xavier aurait visité l’île de Mannar en 1544. Reconnaissant en Mannar un emplacement stratégique les Portugais y construisent un fort en 1560, qui sera pris par les Néerlandais un siècle plus tard (1658), et reconstruit.

Patrimoine

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