Les 108 Upanishad majeures et mineures
La liste traditionnelle des 108 Upaniṣad figure dans la Muktikâ Upanishad (I, 1, 30-39). Elles sont également classées ainsi par la tradition :
- 12 Mukhya Upaniṣad ou Upaniṣad principales (dites aussi majeures)
- 23 Sâmânyavedânta Upaniṣad où la réalité suprême est nommée Brahman
- 17 Samnâysa Upaniṣad où est décrit l'état du renonçant (samnyâsin)
- 14 Shaiva Upaniṣad où la divinité suprême est nommée Rudra (Shiva)
- 8 Shâkta Upaniṣad où la divinité suprême est nommée Shakti
- 14 Vaishnava Upaniṣad où la divinité suprême est nommée Vishnu
- 20 Yoga Upaniṣad où le Yoga est décrit comme un moyen de parvenir la connaissance
Dans le tableau ci-dessous, sont indiqués le numéro d'ordre traditionnel de chaque Upaniṣad ainsi que le nom du groupe et du Veda auxquels elle se rattache.
Numéro d'ordre traditionnel |
Upaniṣad |
Groupe |
Veda
|
73 |
Adhyâtma |
Samanaya |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
53 |
Advayatâraka |
Yoga |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
8 |
Aitareya |
Mukhya |
Rig-Veda
|
67 |
Akshamâlâ |
Shaiva |
Rig-Veda
|
72 |
Akshi |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
20 |
Amritabindu |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
21 |
Amritanâda |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
70 |
Annapûrnâ |
Samanaya |
Atharva Veda
|
16 |
Ârunika |
Samnâysa |
Sâma Veda
|
20 |
Amritabindu |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
21 |
Amritanâda |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
23 |
Atharvashikhâ |
Shaiva |
Atharva Veda
|
22 |
Atharvashiras |
Shaiva |
Atharva Veda
|
76 |
Âtma |
Samanaya |
Atharva Veda
|
42 |
Âtmabodha |
Samanaya |
Rig Veda
|
79 |
Avadhûta |
Samnâysa |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
68 |
Avyakta |
Vaishnava |
Sâma Veda
|
107 |
Bahvricha |
Shâkta |
Rig Veda
|
87 |
Bhasmajâbâla |
Shaiva |
Atharva Veda
|
84 |
Bhâvanâ |
Shâkta |
Atharva Veda
|
60 |
Bhikshuka |
Samnâysa |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
11 |
Brahma |
Samnâysa |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
40 |
Brahmavidyâ |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
10 |
Brihadâranyaka |
Mukhya |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
26 |
Brihajjâbâla |
Shaiva |
Atharva Veda
|
9 |
Chhândogya |
Mukhya |
Sâma Veda
|
49 |
Dakshinâmûrti |
Shaiva |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
90 |
Darshana |
Yoga |
Sâma Veda
|
101 |
Dattâtreya |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
81 |
Devî |
Shâkta |
Atharva Veda
|
39 |
Dhyânabindu |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
69 |
Ekâkshara |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
89 |
Ganapati |
Shaiva |
Atharva Veda
|
17 |
Garbha |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
102 |
Gâruda |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
95 |
Gopâlâtâpinî |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
15 |
Hamsa |
Yoga |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
100 |
Hayagrîva |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
1 |
Îsha (Îshâvâsya) |
Mukhya |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
13 |
Jâbâla |
Shaiva |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
104 |
Jâbâli |
Samnâysa |
Sâma-Veda
|
12 |
Kaivalya |
Shaiva |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
28 |
Kâlâgnirudra |
Shaiva |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
103 |
Kalisamtarana |
Vaishnava |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
3 |
Katha (Kâthaka) |
Mukhya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
83 |
Katharudra |
Samnâysa |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
25 |
Kaushîtaki |
Mukhya |
Rig Veda
|
2 |
Kena |
Mukhya |
Sâma Veda
|
96 |
Krishna |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
31 |
Kshurikâ |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
74 |
Kundika |
Samnâysa |
Sâma Veda
|
61 |
Mahâ |
Samnâysa |
Sâma Veda
|
92 |
Mahâvâkya |
Yoga |
Atharva Veda
|
24 |
Maitrâyanî |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda (Sâma Veda selon certains textes)
|
29 |
Maitreyî |
Samnâysa |
Sâma Veda
|
48 |
Mandalabrâhmana |
Yoga |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
6 |
Mândûkya |
Mukhya |
Atharva Veda
|
32 |
Mantrikâ |
Samanaya |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
57 |
Mudgala |
Samanaya |
Rig Veda
|
108 |
Muktikâ |
Samanaya |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
5 |
Mundaka |
Mukhya |
Atharva Veda
|
38 |
Nâdabindu |
Yoga |
Rig Veda
|
43 |
Nâradaparivrâjaka |
Samnâysa |
Atharva Veda
|
18 |
Nârâyana |
Vaishnava |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
34 |
Nirâlamba |
Samanaya |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
47 |
Nirvâna |
Samnâysa |
Rig Veda
|
27 |
Nrisimhatâpanîya |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
59 |
Paingala |
Samnâysa |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
93 |
Panchabrahma |
Shaiva |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
78 |
Parabrahma |
Samnâysa |
Atharva Veda
|
19 |
Paramahamsa |
Samnâysa |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
66 |
Paramahamsaparivrâjaka |
Samnâysa |
Atharva Veda
|
77 |
Pâshupatabrahma |
Yoga |
Atharva Veda
|
94 |
Prânâgnihotra |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
4 |
Prashna |
Mukhya |
Atharva Veda
|
54 |
Râmarahasya |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
55 |
Râmatâpanîya |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
85 |
Rudrahridaya |
Shaiva |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
88 |
Rudrâkshajâbâla |
Shaiva |
Sâma Veda
|
65 |
Samnyâsa |
Samnâysa |
Sâma Veda
|
106 |
Sarasvatîrahasya |
Shâkta |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
33 |
Sarvasâra |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
105 |
Saubhâgyalakshmî |
Shâkta |
Rig Veda
|
75 |
Sâvitrî |
Samanaya |
Sâma Veda
|
58 |
Shândilya |
Yoga |
Atharva Veda
|
50 |
Sharabha |
Shaiva |
Atharva Veda
|
62 |
Shârîraka |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
99 |
Shâtyâyana |
Samnâysa |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
14 |
Shvetâshvatara |
Mukhya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
45 |
Sitâ |
Shâkta |
Atharva Veda
|
51 |
Skanda |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
30 |
Subâlâ |
Samanaya |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
35 |
Sukarahasya |
Samanaya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
71 |
Sûrya |
Samanaya |
Atharva Veda
|
7 |
Taittirîya |
Mukhya |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
91 |
Târasâra |
Vaishnava |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
37 |
Tejobindu |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
52 |
Tripâdvibhûtimahânârâyana |
Vaishnava |
Atharva Veda
|
82 |
Tripura |
Shâkta |
Rig Veda
|
80 |
Tripurâtâpinî |
Shâkta |
Atharva Veda
|
44 |
Trishikhibrâhmana |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
64 |
Turiyâtîvadhûtâ |
Samnâysa |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
36 |
Vajrasûchikâ |
Samanaya |
Sâma Veda
|
98 |
Varâha |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
56 |
Vâsudeva |
Vaishnava |
Sâma Veda
|
97 |
Yâjnavalkya |
Samnâysa |
Shukla Yajur Veda
|
46 |
Yogachûdâmani |
Yoga |
Sâma Veda
|
86 |
Yogakundalî |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
63 |
Yogashikhâ |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
41 |
Yogatattva |
Yoga |
Krishna Yajur Veda
|
Autres Upaniṣad
Parmi les Upaniṣad recensées, au nombre d'environ 200, on trouve aussi les suivantes :
- Advabhâvanâ
- Advaitabhâva
- Ârsheya
- Bhuvaneshvarî
- Brahmabindu
- Chulika
- Ganapatitâpanîya
- Gâyatrî
- Gâyatrîrahasya
- Khandogya
- Kâlî
- Kâlîmedhâdîkshita
- Kaula
- Nîlarudra
- Pranava
- Rasa
- Shaunaka
- Shyâma
- Târâ