KMT2A
Le KMT2A (pour « lysine N-méthyltransférase 2A », la lettre K symbolisant la lysine) est une protéine de type méthyltransférase dont le gène est KMT2A situé sur le chromosome 11 humain. Ses autres noms sont ALLL-1 (pour acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1), MLL (pour myeloid/lymphoid ou mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL), ou HRX (pour zinc finger protein HRX).
Rôles
Il est l'un des composants d'un complexe protéique, le TFIID qui permet d'acétyler ou de méthyler les nucléosomes ou les histones[5].
Il se fixe sur le promoteur du gène Hox, activant ce dernier et permettant la méthylation de l'histone H3[6].
Il intervient dans le développement des cellules souches hématopoïétiques[7].
En médecine
La translocation du gène entraîne la formation d'une protéine perdant son rôle de méthyltransférase et favorise la transformation des cellules hématopoïétiques en cellules leucémiques[8].
Notes et références
- GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000118058 - Ensembl, May 2017
- GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000002028 - Ensembl, May 2017
- ↑ « Publications PubMed pour l'Homme », sur National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
- ↑ « Publications PubMed pour la Souris », sur National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine
- ↑ Nakamura T, Mori T, Tada S et al. ALL-1 is a histone methyltransferase that assembles a supercomplex of proteins involved in transcriptional regulation, Mol Cell, 2002;10:1119–1128
- ↑ Milne TA, Briggs SD, Brock HW et al. MLL targets SET domain methyltransferase activity to Hox gene promoters, Mol Cell, 2002;10:1107–1117
- ↑ Ernst P, Mabon M, Davidson AJ, Zon LI, Korsmeyer SJ, An Mll-dependent Hox program drives hematopoietic progenitor expansion, Curr Biol, 2004;14:2063–2069
- ↑ Krivtsov AV, Armstrong SA, MLL translocations, histone modifications and leukaemia stem-cell development, Nat Rev Cancer, 2007;7:823–833
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