Jean de Poltrot de Méré

Jean de Poltrot de Méré
Jean de Poltrot de Méré assassinant le duc François de Guise. Détail d'une gravure des Quarante Tableaux de Tortorel et Perrissin, XVIe siècle.
Biographie
Naissance
Décès
Autres informations
Condamné pour

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Jean de Poltrot, né en 1537 et mort le à Paris, seigneur de Méré ou Mérey, est un gentilhomme de l'Angoumois qui assassina le duc François de Guise, chef de l’armée catholique royale durant les guerres de religion.

Biographie

Assassinat du duc François de Guise par Jean de Poltrot de Méré, le . Gravure des Quarante Tableaux de Tortorel et Perrissin, XVIe siècle.

Poltrot a vécu un certain temps en Espagne dont il connaissait la langue. Il sert alors comme espion dans le contexte de la guerre contre l’Espagne.

Protestant convaincu, il se décide à tuer le duc de Guise. Il se met en route pour le camp catholique occupé à assiéger Orléans. Dans la soirée du , il se met en embuscade le long d’une route par laquelle doit passer le duc de Guise, fait feu avec un pistolet et s’enfuit. L'endroit de l'attentat, situé sur la commune de Saint-Hilaire-Saint-Mesmin, à l'entrée du bourg en venant d'Orléans, au milieu de vergers s'étendant à gauche de la Nationale, est marqué par un rocher dit « La pierre du duc » portant une plaque rappelant l'événement[1].

Il est capturé le jour suivant à proximité du village de Cornet (45) par Jean-Roger de L'Estiole. Sous la torture, Poltrot déclare avoir agi à l'instigation de Soubise, de l’amiral de Coligny et de Théodore de Bèze, puis se rétracte avant de renouveler ces aveux. La controverse anime la cour pendant de très longues années car Coligny déclare « se réjouir de la mort de Guise, mais n’être pour rien dans cet attentat »[2].

Jehan de Poltrot soi-disant seigneur de Méré est condamné à être tenaillé de fers chauds en quatre endroits de son corps puis à être écartelé par quatre chevaux jusqu'à ce que mort naturelle s'ensuive. Il est supplicié en place de Grève le après-midi devant une foule immense.

Notes et références

  1. ↑ « L’assassinat du duc de Guise, le 18 février 1563 », sur archives-loiret.fr, (consulté le ).
  2. ↑ Pierre Miquel, Les Guerres de Religion, Paris, Fayard, , 596 p. (ISBN 978-2-21300-826-4, OCLC 299354152, présentation en ligne)., p 236.

Voir aussi

Bibliographie

  • Pierre de Vaissière, Jean Poltrot, seigneur de Méré, meurtrier de M. de Guise (1563) : extrait de la Revue des études historiques, septembre-octobre, novembre-, Paris, Librairie Alphonse Picard et fils, 1910, lire en ligne.
  • (en) Nicola Mary Sutherland, Princes, Politics and Religion, 1547-1589, Londres, Hambledon Press, coll. « History Series » (no 30), , 258 p. (ISBN 0-907628-44-3), « The Assassination of François duc de Guise, February 1563 », p. 139-155.

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