Jørgen Matthias Christian Schiødte

Jørgen Matthias Christian Schiødte
Biographie
Naissance
Décès
Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata (à 69 ans)
CopenhagueVoir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
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Erik Schiødte (d)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
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Jørgen Matthias Christian Schiødte ou Jørgen Christian Matthias Schiødte est un entomologiste danois, né le à Christianshavn et mort le à Copenhague.

Il est professeur et inspecteur au Muséum de Copenhague. Il prend la succession de Henrik Nikolai Krøyer (1799-1870) à la tête de Naturhistorisk Tidsskrift en 1870, qu’il dirige jusqu’à sa mort.

Darwin, dans sa première édition de The Origin of species (1859), cite deux fois son nom et lui emprunte une citation :

« …as Schiödte and others have remarked, this is not the case, and the cave-insects of the two continents are not more closely allied than might have been anticipated from the general resemblance of the other inhabitants of North America and Europe. On my view we must suppose that American animals, having ordinary powers of vision, slowly migrated by successive generations from the outer world into the deeper and deeper recesses of the Kentucky caves, as did European animals into the caves of Europe. We have some evidence of this gradation of habit; for, as Schiödte remarks, "animals not far remote from ordinary forms, prepare the transition from light to darkness. Next follow those that are constructed for twilight; and, last of all, those destined for total darkness." »

— Darwin, 1859 et 1860[1]

Dans la troisième édition du même livre en 1861, il donne deux citations de Schiødte :

« …with respect to the insects alone, Schiödte has remarked, "We are accordingly prevented from considering the entire phenomenon in any other light than something purely local, and the similarity which is exhibited in a few forms between the Mammoth cave (in Kentucky) and the caves in Carniola, otherwise than as a very plain expression of that analogy which subsists generally between the fauna of Europe and of North America." On my view we must suppose that American animals, having in most cases ordinary powers of vision, slowly migrated by successive generations from the outer world into the deeper and deeper recesses of the Kentucky caves, as did European animals into the caves of Europe. We have some evidence of this gradation of habit; for, as Schiödte remarks, "We accordingly look upon the subterranean faunas as small ramifications which have penetrated into the earth from the geographically limited faunas of the adjacent tracts, and which, as they extended themselves into darkness, have been accommodated to surrounding circumstances. Animals not far remote from ordinary forms, prepare the transition from light to darkness. Next follow those that are constructed for twilight; and, last of all, those destined for total darkness, and whose formation is quite peculiar." »

— Darwin, 1861[2]

Liste partielle des publications

  • 1841 : Genera og species of Danmarks Eleutherata at tjene som fauna for denne orden og som indledning til dens anatomie og historie
  • 1857 : Naturhistoriske bidrag til en beskrivelse of Grønland / af J. Reinhardt, J.C. Schiødte, O.A.L. Mørch, C.F. Lütken, J. Lange, H. Rink. Særskilt aftryk af tillæggene til "Grønland, geographisk og statistisk beskrevet," af H. Rink.

Références

  1. ↑ (en) Charles Darwin, On the origin of species, London, éd. John Murray, (réimpr. 1860, 2e éd.), 1re éd., 502 p. (lire en ligne [sur darwin-online.org.uk]), p. 138.
  2. ↑ (en) Charles Darwin, On the origin of species, London, éd. John Murray, , 3e éd., 538 p. (lire en ligne [sur darwin-online.org.uk]), p. 156.

Voir aussi

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