Image acheiropoïète

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Voile de Manoppello.

Une image acheiropoïète[1] (grec : αχειροποίητα ; latin : non hominis manu picta ; littéralement : non fait de main d'homme)[2] est une image dont l'origine est inexpliquée, et serait, selon les croyants, miraculeuse. Il s'agit le plus souvent d'images du Christ ou de la Vierge Marie, les plus connues étant le suaire de Turin, Notre-Dame de Guadalupe et le voile de Manoppello.

En France :
— la Vierge processionnaire Notre-Dame des Miracles gardée à l'église Saint-Nicolas de Saint-Maur-des-Fossés dans le Val-de-Marne est une statue acheiropoïète[3] ;
— le Christ de Sierck-les-Bains au nord-est de Thionville est une image acheiropoïète.

Histoire

Le concept d'image achéiropoïète existe dans la littérature antique : Cicéron, à propos d'une représentation de Cérès, parle d'une image non faite de main d'homme et « tombée du ciel ».

C'est cependant à l'époque byzantine que les images achéiropoïètes prennent de l'importance : le Mandylion, ou image d'Édesse, en est le meilleur exemple. La première mention de son existence remonte au VIe siècle. De très nombreuses copies de cette image furent effectuées et devinrent des icônes. Pour expliquer les peintures achéiropoïètes, la tradition chrétienne rapporte qu'au moment où l'artiste était paralysé à cause de l'impossibilité de représenter sensiblement les traits de son modèle, un ange serait venu à son aide et aurait tenu son pinceau[4].

Analyses scientifiques

Des scientifiques s'attachent à expliquer la formation de ces images[5]. La plus célèbre d'entre elles est le suaire de Turin, dont les études réellement scientifiques ont commencé à la fin du XIXe siècle. Des études portent aussi sur la Vierge de Guadalupe et de façon plus récente sur le voile de Manoppello.

Notes et références

  1. ↑ « Addenda », sur academie-francaise.fr (consulté le ).
  2. ↑ Définition Larousse
  3. ↑ Antiquités de Paris et de ses environs Abbé Jean Lebeuf 1854.
  4. ↑ Jean-Michel Maldamé o.p. et docteur en théologie, « Science et Spiritualité », 30 novembre 2005
  5. ↑ International Workshop on the Scientific Approach to the Acheiropoietos Images,ENEA, 4-6 May 2010

Voir aussi

Articles connexes

Bibliographie

  • (en) Paolo Di Lazzaro, Proceedings of the IWSAI 2010 International Workshop on the Scientific approach to the Acheiropoieitos Images : 4-6 May 2010, Frascati, Italy, Frascati, ENEA, , 273 p. (ISBN 978-8-882-86232-9, OCLC 8882862321)

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