Cirencester

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Cirencester

Administration

Démographie

16 962 hab. (2021)

Géographie

Coordonnées

51° 43′ 07″ nord, 1° 58′ 06″ ouest

Localisation

Géolocalisation sur la carte : Royaume-Uni

Cirencester

Géolocalisation sur la carte : Royaume-Uni

Cirencester

Cirencester est une ville britannique, dans le comté de Gloucestershire, en Angleterre. C'est la plus grande ville des Cotswolds. Elle se situe à quelques kilomètres de la source de la Tamise. La population comptait 16 962 habitants en 2021^[1].

Histoire

Corinium Dobunnorum

Article détaillé : Corinium Dobunnorum.

Après la conquête romaine de l'île de Bretagne, au I^er siècle, un castrum est établi sur le site de Cirencester. Dans les années 70, le fort est abandonné et une ville s'y développe. On y construit un forum et sa basilique, un marché, un amphithéâtre, puis des murailles. C'est alors la plus grande ville romaine en Bretagne après Londinium. Au III^e siècle, Corinium devient la capitale de la province Britannia Prima.

La conquête saxonne

Après le départ des Romains, au cours du V^e siècle, Corinium semble devenir la capitale d'un royaume breton. Selon la chronique anglo-saxonne, le roi de Corinium, Condidan est battu et tué par le Saxon Cwealin en 577, à la bataille de Dyrham. Une bataille s'y déroule en 628 entre le roi de Mercie Penda et les rois de Wessex Cynegils et son fils Cwichelm.

Le nom de Corinium est remplacé vers cette époque par sa forme saxonnisée : Cirenceaster. Le suffixe -ceaster est issu du latin castrum et désigne la ville retranchée. Cirenceaster désigne donc « la ville retranchée de Corinion^[2]. »

Vers 900, une église est bâtie vraisemblablement à la suite d'une décision royale. Elle a été détruite par des moines augustins pour construire l'abbaye de Cirencester, en 1117. L'abbaye a été totalement détruite lors de la Dissolution.

Jumelages

Itzehoe (Allemagne) depuis 1982
Saint-Genis-Laval (France) depuis 2000 (Pacte d'amitié)^[3]

Personnalités

Edward William Voelcker (1857-1930), chimiste, né à Cirencester.
David Hemery (1944-), champion olympique en 1968 et recordman du monde du 400 m haies, est né à Cirencester.

Notes et références

↑ « Cirencester (Gloucestershire, South West England, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information », sur www.citypopulation.de (consulté le 3 mars 2023)
↑ Dictionnaire topographique Mills, 1998
↑ « Jumelages et pactes d'amitié », sur www.saintgenislaval.fr (consulté le 24 janvier 2022)

Liens externes

Site officiel
Ressource relative à la géographie :
- Open Domesday
Ressource relative à la musique :
- MusicBrainz
Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes :
Notices d'autorité :
- VIAF
- LCCN
- GND
- Israël
- Tchéquie
- WorldCat

v · m District de Cotswold
Villes	Cirencester Fairford Lechlade Moreton-in-Marsh Northleach Stow-on-the-Wold Tetbury
Villages	Adlestrop Aldsworth Ampney Crucis Ampney St Mary Ampney St Peter Andoversford Ashley Aston-sub-Edge Avening Bagendon Barnsley Barrington Batsford Baunton Beverston Bibury Bledington Blockley Bourton-on-the-Hill Bourton-on-the-Water Boxwell with Leighterton Brimpsfield Broadwell Chedworth Cherington Chipping Campden Clapton Coates Coberley Cold Aston Colesbourne Coln St. Aldwyns Coln St. Dennis Compton Abdale Condicote Cowley Cutsdean Daglingworth Didmarton Donnington Dowdeswell Down Ampney Driffield Duntisbourne Abbots Duntisbourne Rouse Eastleach Ebrington Edgeworth Elkstone Evenlode Farmington Great Rissington Guiting Power Hampnett Hatherop Hazleton Icomb Kemble Kempsford Kingscote Little Rissington Longborough Long Newnton Lower Slaughter Meysey Hampton Maugersbury Mickleton Naunton North Cerney Notgrove Oddington Ozleworth Poole Keynes Poulton Preston Quenington Rendcomb Rodmarton Saintbury Sapperton Sevenhampton Sezincote Sherborne Shipton Shipton Moyne Siddington Somerford Keynes South Cerney Southrop Swell Syde Temple Guiting Tetbury Upton Todenham Turkdean Upper Rissington Upper Slaughter Westcote Westonbirt with Lasborough Weston-sub-Edge Whittington Wyck Rissington Willersey Windrush Winson Winstone Withington Yanworth

v · m Comté cérémoniel du Gloucestershire
Autorité unitaire	South Gloucestershire
Borough ou Districts	Cheltenham Cotswold Forest of Dean Gloucester Stroud Tewkesbury
Principaux villages et villes	Berkeley Bradley Stoke Cheltenham Chipping Campden Chipping Sodbury Cinderford Cirencester Coleford Dursley Fairford Filton Gloucester Kingswood Lechlade Lydney Minchinhampton Mitcheldean Moreton-in-Marsh Nailsworth Newent Northleach Painswick Patchway Quedgeley Stonehouse Stow-on-the-Wold Stroud Tetbury Tewkesbury Thornbury Winchcombe Wotton-under-Edge Yate
Cours d'eau	Bristol Avon Warwickshire Avon Bybrook Boyd Cam Chelt Churn Coln Evenlode Eye Bristol Frome Stroud Frome Hazel Brook Leach Little Avon Lyd Severn Swilgate Tamise Trym Windrush Wye
Listes	Circonscriptions parlementaires Musées Lord-lieutenants Paroisses civiles

Portail de l’Angleterre

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