Calycanthus occidentalis

Calycanthus occidentalis
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Fleur de Calycanthus occidentalis
Classification APG III (2009)
Règne Plantae
Clade Angiospermes
Ordre Laurales
Famille Calycanthaceae

Genre

Calycanthus
Hook. & Arn., Bot. Beechey Voy. 340 (1839).

Calycanthus occidentalis, communément appelé spice bush (buisson épice) ou western sweetshrub (arbuste occidental), est une espèce de plantes à fleurs de la famille des Calycanthaceae. C'est un arbuste originaire de Californie et, selon certaines sources, de l'État de Washington. Il pousse le long des ruisseaux et des canyons humides au pied des montagnes[1],[2],[3].

Synonymes

  • Butneria occidentalis Greene Erythea 1: 207 (1893)
  • Calycanthus macrophyllus hort. ex K.Koch Dendrologie 1: 364 (1869)

Description

Les sépales et les pétales sont semblables.

Calycanthus occidentalis est un arbuste vigoureux à port étalé qui peut atteindre une hauteur de 4 m [4]. Ses feuilles caduques sont opposées et mesurent environ 5-15 cm de long et 2 - 8 cm de large. Elles sont plus ou moins ovales avec des pointes aiguës, une base arrondie. Les fleurs apparaissent de la fin du printemps au début de l'automne. Les fleurs n'ont pas de sépales et de pétales distinctifs, mais des tépales de couleur rouge foncé à bordeaux, 2-6cm de long et 0,5-1 cm de large. Les fleurs sont d'environ 5 cm de large. Les tépales renferment environ 10–15 étamines[1],[2]. Les fleurs sont pollinisées par des coléoptères de la famille Nitidulidae.

Répartition et habitat

Calycanthus occidentalis est originaire de Californie et, selon certaines sources, de Washington[3],[1]. Il pousse le long des ruisseaux et sur les pentes humides des canyons à des altitudes de 200–1 600 m (700–5 200 ft)[1].

Références

  1. ↑ a b c et d (en) « Calycanthus occidentalis sur Flora of North America », sur efloras (consulté le )
  2. ↑ a et b George P. Johnson et Tahbaz Fosiée, « Calycanthus occidentalis Sweet-shrub, Spicebush », sur Jepson eFlora, The Jepson Herbarium, University of California, Berkeley (consulté le )
  3. ↑ a et b « Calycanthus occidentalis Hook. & Arn. », sur Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (consulté le )
  4. ↑ Christopher Brickell et Patrice Mioulane, Le grand Larousse des 15000 plantes et fleurs des jardins, Larousse, , 1080 p. (ISBN 978-2-03-583862-9), p. 206

Liens externes

Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :

  • Calycanthus occidentalis sur POWO [1]
  • Calycanthus occidentalis sur BHL [2]
  • Calycanthus occidentalis sur WFO[3]

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