Arabo-perses

Arabo-perses

Populations importantes par région
Population totale 7 million[1],[2],[3],[4]
Autres
Régions d’origine Drapeau de l'Iran Iran, Monde arabe
Religions Islam chiite duodécimain jafarite (majorité)
Islam chiite duodécimain alaouite (minorité)
Ethnies liées Arabes, Persans

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Les Arabo-perses ou arabo-iraniens (arabe ): الفرس العرب , persan : فارس-عرب‌ها) sont des personnes d'origine ethnique ou culturelle mixte arabe et perse, ce qui est courant surtout en Iran puis dans une moindre mesure au Koweït, en Irak, à Bahreïn au Liban et Syrie.

Histoire

À l'époque préislamique, de nombreux Arabes vivaient dans la sphère culturelle de la Perse et utilisaient le persan comme langue écrite. Ceux-ci sont appelés Arabes persans (arabe: العرب الفرس; Al-'Arab Al-Furs)[5].

L'un des premiers adeptes et disciples du prophète Mahomet , Salman Al-Farsi, était persan[6].

Après la montée de l'Islam et la conquête arabe de la Perse, les Perses se sont beaucoup mélangés aux Arabes et, à leur tour, ont commencé à utiliser l'arabe comme langue écrite aux côtés du persan. Des scientifiques et philosophes musulmans célèbres à l'époque du califat abbasside étaient éthniquement des Perses et ont écrit leurs travaux savants en arabe tout en continuant à écrire des œuvres littéraires et de la poésie en persan. Les exemples célèbres sont Avicenne et Omar Khayyam.

Auto-identification

Le terme « arabo-persan » est rarement utilisé comme auto-appellation. La plupart ont tendance à s'identifier plus fortement comme persans ou arabes et se considèrent comme membres principalement d'un groupe ethnique, tout en étant conscients de leur origine mixte. Pour beaucoup, le facteur le plus important déterminant leur identité est l'État souverain dans lequel ils vivent ou d'où viennent leurs ancêtres récents. Par exemple, la plupart des Koweïtiens chiites et des Bahrani sont d'ascendance perse[7],[8],[9],[10].

Arabo-perses notables

Références

  1. ↑ CIA World Factbook
  2. ↑ « International History Blog: The Ajam of Manama »,
  3. ↑ « larestani », EveryTongue, (consulté le )
  4. ↑ Six million people of Iran's population are Sadaat (Sayyid) / Tehran and Mazandaran (provinces) are the record owner of Sadaats in the country « https://web.archive.org/web/20180202012427/http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13920211000043 »(Archive.org • Wikiwix • Archive.is • Google • Que faire ?), farsnews.com 1 February 2018
  5. ↑ « Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica »
  6. ↑ Houtsma & Wensinck, First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936, (ISBN 978-9004097964), p. 116
  7. ↑ Nils A. Butenschon, Uri Davis et Manuel Hassassian, Citizenship and the State in the Middle East: Approaches and Applications, , 190 p. (ISBN 9780815628293, lire en ligne)
  8. ↑ Leonard Binder, Ethnic Conflict and International Politics in the Middle East, , 164 p. (ISBN 9780813016870, lire en ligne [archive du ]) :

    « Unlike the Shi'a of Saudi Arabia or Bahrain, the Kuwaiti Shi'a mostly are of Persian descent. »
  9. ↑ Steffen Hertog, Giacomo Luciani et Marc Valeri, Business Politics in the Middle East, , 71 p. (ISBN 9781849042352, lire en ligne)
  10. ↑ Werner Ende et Udo Steinbach, Islam in the World Today: A Handbook of Politics, Religion, Culture, and Society, , 533 p. (ISBN 0801464897, lire en ligne)

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