Années 1810 en sport

Chronologie du sport

Athlétisme

  • 1813 : publication en Angleterre de l’ouvrage de Walter Thom : Essai sur l’Athlétisme.

Baseball /Balle empoisonnée

  • 1810 : description du « jeu de la balle empoisonnée » dans une publication française de jeux pour garçons. Ce jeu est un très proche ancêtre du baseball.

Boxe

  •  : première trace d’un match de boxe en Australie.
  • 1816 : Jacob Hyer remporte le titre (officieux) de champion d’Amérique de boxe en s’imposant à poings nus face à Tom Beasley.

Cricket

  • 1811 : première trace d’un match inter-counties de cricket féminin : Surrey-Hampshire.

Cyclisme

  •  : le badois, Karl Von Drais étrenne sa dernière invention, la draisienne, sur un parcours de 14 km entre Mannheim et Schwetzingen. Ce bicycle ne dispose d’aucun moyen de propulsion ; la progression sur une draisienne s’effectue en marchant. La Draisienne hérite ainsi également du nom de « Vélocipède », (velox pedis) pieds rapides en latin. Jugée ridicule, cette invention « excentrique » passe rapidement de mode. Attention ; certains datent les débuts du « vélo » en 1790-91 avec la mise au point en France du « velocifere », mais cette invention n’a aucun rapport avec le vélo… Les historiens français du sport ne commettent (généralement) plus cette erreur, mais certains historiens anglo-saxons persistent dans cette voie.

Golf

Gymnastique

  • 1811 : fondation à Berlin du Turnverein (société de gymnastique).
  • 1816 : la Prusse, notamment sous l’impulsion du gymnaste nationaliste Jahn Friedrich Ludwig (1778-1852), se couvre d’installations de gymnastique ; pas moins de 116 de ses installations de plein air y sont recensées.
  •  : Ouverture à Paris par l’Espagnol Francisco Amoros du premier club public de gymnastique (Gymnase de l’Institution Durdan).
  • 1819 : les Sapeurs-Pompiers de Paris se dotent d’un gymnase.

Jeu de paume

  • 1816 : l’Italien Marchesio succède à Barcellon comme « Champion du Monde » de jeu de paume.
  • 1819 : l’Anglais Philip Cox succède à Marchesio comme « Champion du Monde » de jeu de paume.

Patinage sur glace

  • 1813 : publication à Paris de l’ouvrage de Jean Garcin : Le vrai patineur ou les principes sur l’art de patiner avec grâce.

Sport hippique

  •  : première course de chevaux sur le sol australien.
  • 1814 : première édition de la course hippique anglaise des 1000 Guinnées, à Newmarket.

Sumo

  • 1811 : le sumotori Raiden met un terme à sa brillante carrière : 26 titres en 21 ans, et seulement 10 défaites ! Après un demi-siècle d’âge d’or, le sumo connaît une phase de crise à la suite de ce départ à la retraite.

Naissances

Décès

Notes et références

  1. ↑ « History of Women in Sports Timeline », sur northnet.org via Wikiwix (consulté le ).
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