Amir Khusrau

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Amir Khosrow
Biographie
Naissance

Patiali, aujourd'hui en Inde
Décès
Sépulture
Tombe d'Amir Khusrau (d)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Nom de naissance
Abu-l Hasan Yamīn al-Dīn Khusrau
Activités
Père
Amir Saif ud-Din Mahmud (d)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Mère
Bibi Daulatnaz (d)Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata
Autres informations
Genre artistique

modifier - modifier le code - modifier WikidataDocumentation du modèle

Abu-l Hasan Yamīn al-Dīn Khusrow (persan : ابوالحسن یمین‌الدین خسرو, hindi : अबुल हसन यमीनुददीन ख़ुसरो) (1253-1325), connu aussi sous les noms d’Amir Khosrow de Dehli, Amir Khosrow Dehlevi, Amir Khusro Dehlavi ou Amir Khusraw Balkhi en Afghanistan et en Iran (persan : اميرخسرو دهلوى, Amīr Khusraū Dehlavī), est un mystique soufi et disciple spirituel de Nizamuddin Auliya de Delhi. C'est l'un des plus grands poètes en langue persane de l’Inde. Il est aussi considéré comme le fondateur du qawwalî (musique religieuse soufie répandue en Inde et au Pakistan) ainsi que de la musique hindoustanie[1],[2]. On lui doit également l'ouvrage Les Huit Jardins du paradis, en langue persane.

Biographie

Amir Khusrau, Turc de l’Hindoustan (« Turk-e-Hindustani »)[3],[4], naît d’un père turc, Saif ad-Dīn Mahmoud, qui était l’un des chefs de la tribu Lachin (« faucon crécerelle » en turco-mongol) des Qara Khitaï de Kush, en Transoxiane[5],[6] et d’une mère Râjput (Rawal), en Inde[7]. Son grand-père porte le nom de Turk[8].

Apports

« La tradition musicale classique du Pakistan remonte au poète et musicien du XIIIe siècle Amir Khusrau, qui composa les tout premiers râgas. »

« L’invention du tablâ et du sitar indien est habituellement attribuée à Amir Khusrau[9]. »

Bibliographie

  • Mir Amman (trad. de l'ourdou par Joseph Héliodore Garcin de Tassy), Les aventures des quatre derviches, Paris, Libretto, , 205 p. (ISBN 978-2-36914-837-1)
    Version de 1803, profondément remaniée et adaptée, due à Mir Amman (dont on ne sait rien sinon qu'il travaillait au Fort William College de Calcutta) de l’œuvre de Amir Khusrau, The Bāgh O Bahār; Or, The Garden and the Spring, Being The Adventures of King Āzad Bakht and the Four Darweshes. (Tiré de la note de l'éditeur) - Sur l'auteur, voir cependant Mir Amman (en).

Études

  • (en) Barbara Brend, « Akbar's "Khamsah" of Amīr Khusrau Dihlavī: A Reconstruction of the Cycle of Illustration », Artibus Asiae, vol. 49, nos 3/4,‎ , p. 281–315 (ISSN 0004-3648, DOI 10.2307/3250040, lire en ligne)

Notes et références

  1. ↑ (en) Syed Abdulla Latif, An Outline of the Cultural History of India, Institute of Indo-Middle East Cultural Studies (reprinted by Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers), 1979 1958 (ISBN 978-81-7069-085-6), p. 334
  2. ↑ (en) Harold S. Powers, « Review of Regula Burckhardt Qureshi, Sufi Music of India. Sound, Context and Meaning in Qawwali », Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 109, no 4,‎ oct. – dec. 1989, p. 702–705 (DOI 10.2307/604123)
  3. ↑ (en) Amir Khusrau : Memorial Volume, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India, (lire en ligne)
  4. ↑ Barbara Brend, « Akbar's "Khamsah" of Amīr Khusrau Dihlavī: A Reconstruction of the Cycle of Illustration », Artibus Asiae, vol. 49, nos 3/4,‎ , p. 281–315 (ISSN 0004-3648, DOI 10.2307/3250040, lire en ligne, consulté le )
  5. ↑ Амир Хосров Дехлеви, Great Soviet Encyclopedia, Moscou, 1970
  6. ↑ Iraj Bashiri, « Amir Khusrau Dihlavi », sur www.angelfire.com (consulté le )
  7. ↑ (en) Marmaduke William Pickthall et Muhammad Asad, Islamic Culture, Islamic Culture Board, (lire en ligne)
  8. ↑ (en) Khusrau (amīr) et Amīr Khusraw Dihlavī Dihlavī (trad. by Edward B. Eastwick, with Copious Explanatory Notes, and an Introductory Preface), The Bāgh O Bahār; Or, The Garden and the Spring : Being The Adventures of King Āzad Bakht and the Four Darweshes, S. Austin, (lire en ligne)
  9. ↑ Peyman Nasehpour, Encyclopedia of Persian Percussion Instruments, 2002, (lire en ligne - consulté le 5 avril 2007)

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