Tettius Julianus

Lucius Tettius Julianus (lat. Lucius Tettius Iulianus, ensimmäinen vuosisata) oli roomalainen sotapäällikkö, joka palveli Flavius-sukuisia keisareita, Vespasianusta, Titusta ja Domitianusta ensimmäisen vuosisadan jälkipuoliskolla.[1] Hänen alkuvaiheistaan tiedetään vähän, mutta hän oli ilmeisesti erittäin pätevä kenraali ja toimi korkeissa viroissa Rooman armeijassa. Julianus osallistui vuosina 86-88 Domitianuksen Daakian sotiin Tonavan pohjoispuolella, nykyisen Romanian alueella.[2]

Daakialaiset, jotka olivat edellisenä vuonna aiheuttaneet katkeran tappion roomalaisille Tapaessa, olivat traakialainen kansa, joka oli jo vuosia tehnyt ryöstöretkiä Tonavan yli etelään, Rooman Moesian provinsseihin.[3] Kostaakseen roomalaisten kärsimän tappion, Domitianus kokosi suuren armeijan vuoden 88 sotaretkeä varten. Joukkoja irrotettiin muista valtakunnan provinsseista ja yhteensä sotaretkeen osallistui noin kuusi legioonaa. Domitianus joutui kuitenkin palaamaan Roomaan kesken kaiken, huhujen takia, jotka kertoivat vallankaappauksesta. Keisari jätti armeijan komennon Julianuksen käsiin, joka kohtasi daakialaiset lopulta Tapaessa. Roomalaisen historioitsija, Dio Cassiuksen mukaan Julianus käski ennen taistelua sotilaidensa maalata nimensä kilpiin, jotta heidät voitaisiin tunnistaa paremmin.[4] Julianus onnistui kukistaa kuningas Decebaluksen johtamat daakialaiset, mutta roomalaisten tappiot olivat niin suuret ja talvi oli lähellä, joten Julianus ei pystynyt valloittamaan Daakian pääkaupunki Sarmizegethusaa ja varmistaa hyvät rauhanehdot Decebaluksen kanssa.[2]

Roomalaiset valmistelivat uutta sotaretkeä seuraavalla vuodelle, mutta uudet levottomuudet muualla pakottivat Domitianuksen solmimaan roomalaisten kannalta huonon rauhansopimuksen daakialaisten kanssa.[2] Tilanne ei ratkennut, ennen kuin keisari Trajanus valloitti Daakian kokonaan vuonna 106. Julianuksen vaiheista tämän jälkeen ei tiedetä mitään.

Lähteet

  • Bennett, Julian: Trajan: Optimus Princeps. Routledge, 1997. ISBN 0-415-165245 (englanniksi)
  • Bowman et. al.: The Cambridge Ancient History XI, The High Empire A.D. 70-192. Cambridge University Press, 2000. ISBN 0-521-26335-2 (englanniksi)

Viitteet

  1. ↑ Cambridge Ancient History s. 52-53
  2. ↑ a b c Bennett s. 29
  3. ↑ Bennett s. 85-86
  4. ↑ Dio 67.10

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