Sulkijalihas

Sulkijalihas sykkyräsuolen ja paksusuolen välissä

Sulkijalihas on ympyränmuotoinen lihas, joka sijaitsee jonkin elimen tai ontelon ympärillä kontrolloiden sen aukon suuruutta.[1] Sulkijalihaksia on useita erilaisia, esimerkiksi pupillin sulkijalihas silmässä, virtsaputken sulkijalihas ja peräsuolessa pidätyskykyä ylläpitävät sulkijalihakset.

Sulkijalihas on latinaksi sphincter, joka taas toisaalta on peräisin kreikankielisestä termistä sphinktēr.[2] Se on johdettu verbistä sphingō, sitoa tiukasti[3], vrt. sfinksi, "kuristaja".

Sulkijalihakset ruoansulatuksessa

Ruoansulatuselimistössä olevat sulkijalihakset osallistuvat ruoan siirtämiseen. Ruoan kulku elimistössä alkaa suun kehälihaksen kautta. Ruoka joutuu menemään mahanportin sulkijalihaksen läpi päästäkseen pohjukaissuoleen. Sulamaton osa ruoasta kulkeutuu suolia pitkin ulosteena ja kulkee peräsuolen kahden sulkijalihaksen (sisäinen ja ulkoinen) läpi ennen kehosta ulos pääsyä.[4] Sisempi peräsuolen sulkijalihas on autonominen eli tahdosta riippumaton. Se toimii automaattisesti avautuen sisältä tulevan paineen ollessa kyllin suuri ja näin päästää ulosteen ja pierun peräsuolen kanavaan. Sisempää sulkijalihasta paksumpi ulompi sulkijalihas on tietoisesti kontrolloitavissa, sillä voidaan tarvittaessa pidätellä ulosteen poistumista, vaikka olisi tarve ulostaa, samoin vaikuttaa piereskelyn äänenpaineeseen. [5]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Termit: Sulkijalihas tohtori.fi. Viitattu 10.10.2009.
  2. ↑ sphincter dictionary.com. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ Clyde W. Ford: Compassionate Touch: The Body's Role in Emotional Healing and Recovery, 2. edition, s. 59. North Atlantic Books, 1999. ISBN 9781556433078 Google Book Viitattu 10.10.2009. (englanniksi)
  4. ↑ Dawn M. Hudson: Human Anatomy & Physiology, s. 62. Walch Publishing, 2006. ISBN 9780825155109 Google Book. (englanniksi)
  5. ↑ Suolentoiminnan häiriöt (Sivu 2) 21.6.2004. Keski-Suomen sairaanhoitopiiri. Viitattu 10.10.2009.
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