Sisäplaneetta

Sisäplaneetta on Maan radan sisäpuolella oleva planeetta. Sisäplaneettoja ovat Merkurius ja Venus ja rakenteeltaan ne ovat kiviplaneettoja. Koska sisäplaneetat ovat kaukana Maasta ja niiden kiertoradan halkaisija on pienempi kuin Maan, ne nähdään aina melko lähellä Aurinkoa aamulla ja illalla. Suurimmillaan Auringon ja Venuksen välinen kulma eli elongaatio on 47°. Merkuriuksen elongaatio on enimmillään 28°.

Sisäplaneetan ylikuluksi sanotaan tilannetta, jossa planeetta näyttää Maasta katsottuna kulkevan Auringon editse. Tällöin planeettaa on vaikea havaita, koska siitä näkyy Maahan päin sen pimeä puoli. Jos sisäplaneetta kulkee suoraan Maan ja Auringon välistä, se näkyy Aurinkoa vasten mustana pisteenä^[1].

Maan radan ulkopuolella kulkevia planeettoja kutsutaan ulkoplaneetoiksi.^[2]

Joskus näkee myös Aurinkokunnan neljää sisintä planeettaa (Markurius, Venus, Maa, Mars) kutsuttavan sisäplaneetoiksi. Sekaannus lienee peräisin englannista, jossa näistä käytetään termiä inner planets^[3]. Suomen sisäplaneetta-termiä vastaa englannissa inferior planet^[4].

Lähteet

↑ 'Sisäplaneetta' Tieteen termipankissa tieteentermipankki.fi. Viitattu 7.2.2024.
↑ 'Ulkoplaneetta' Tieteen termipankissa tieteentermipankki.fi. Viitattu 29.4.2023.
↑ 'Inner planet' Collinsin verkkosanakirjassa collinsdictionary.com. Viitattu 7.2.2024.
↑ 'Inferior planet' Collinsin verkkosanakirjassa collinsdictionary.com. Viitattu 7.2.2024.

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