Sarat (kansa)

Sarat ovat etninen ryhmä, joka muodostaa noin 30 % Tšadin ja kahdeksan prosenttia Keski-Afrikan tasavallan väestöstä. Sarat ovat suurin etninen ryhmä Tšadissa ja neljänneksi suurin Keski-Afrikan tasavallassa.^[1]^[2]

He puhuvat jotain noin viidestätoista sara-kielestä, jotka kuuluvat nilosaharalaisten kielten keskisudanilaiseen ryhmään. Sarat jakaantuvat kahteentoista heimoon.

Sarojen uskotaan saapuneen Tšadiin 1500-luvulla ja he joutuivat ankarasti arabien orjakauppiaiden verottamaksi. Siirtomaa-aikana suuri määrä saroja palveli Ranskan armeijassa ensimmäisessä ja toisessa maailmansodassa.

Sarat harjoittavat luonnonuskontoja ja noin kuudennes on kristittyjä.

Sarojen yhteiskunta koostuu autonomisista, päämiesten ja kylänvanhinten johtamista kyläyhteisöistä. Seitsemän vuoden välein järkjestetään kylän aikuistuville nuorille inititaatiojakso, joka kestää kaksi kuukautta.^[3] Aiemmin naisten tapoihin kuului myös venyttää alahuulta levyllä, mutta tästä on luovuttu vuosikymmeniä sitten.

Perinteiseen sarojen elintapaan kuuluu maanviljelys kuokkaa käyttäen: viljelyskaveja ovat taaro, jamssi ja bataatti ja kotieläimiä naudat, vuohet, lampaat, kanat sekä pienet hevoset.^[3]

Lähteet

↑ Chad: Ethnic groups CIA Factbook. 2014-2015. Viitattu 13.8.2021.
↑ Central African Republic: Ethnic groups CIA Factbook. 2003. Viitattu 13.8.2021.
↑ ^a ^b Sara People Encyclopedia Britannica. Viitattu 13.8.2021.

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