Quiriguá

Quiriquá
Quiriguán suurin yksittäinen steela, Steela E.
Quiriguán suurin yksittäinen steela, Steela E.
Maailmanperintökohde
Sijainti Izabal, Guatemala
15°16′14″N, 89°02′25″W
Kriteerit I, II, IV[1]
Tunnusnumero 149
Valintahistoria
Valintavuosi 1981[1]

Quiriguá on mayojen historiallinen kaupunki Guatemalassa, Izabalin departementissä. Unesco lisäsi kohteen maailmanperintöluetteloon vuonna 1981.[1] Alue on tunnettu erityisesti steeloistaan.

Quiriguá syntyi nykyisen Hondurasin puolella olleen mayakaupunki Copánin vaikutuksesta. Ensimmäiset merkit ihmisasutuksesta ovat noin vuodelta 200.[1] Kukoistuksessaan kaupunki oli kuitenkin mayojen myöhäisklassisessa vaiheessa noin vuosina 600–900. Quiriguá oli rikkaan itsehallinnollisen valtion keskus. Jade- ja obsidiaanikauppa rikastutti kaupunkia, joka kuitenkin tuntemattomasta syystä ajautua rappioon 800-luvulla.

Quiriguássa on raunioita ja asutusten jäänteitä usealta vuosisadalta, mutta merkittävimmät monumentit ovat 700-luvulta,[1] jolloin kaupunkia muokattiin merkittävästi vastaamaan sen asemaa kuninkaallisena asuinpaikkana. Ensimmäinen kaiverrettu monumentti on vuodelta 692. Steeloja pystytettiin kaupunkiin viiden vuoden välein. Niiden koko kasvoi jatkuvasti ja viimeinen yksittäinen steela vuodelta 771 on 10,5 metriä korkea ja painaa 65 tonnia.

Lähteet

Viitteet

  1. ↑ a b c d e Archaeological Park and Ruins of Quirigua UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Viitattu 22.8.2016. (englanniksi)

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