Profylaksia

Profylaksia tarkoittaa ennaltaehkäisevää tai suojaavaa hoitoa tai toimintaa sairastumisen estämiseksi.[1]

Ennaltaehkäisevä hoito voi olla esimerkiksi lääkekuuri, jolloin sairastumisen aiheuttama riski katsotaan suuremmaksi kuin lääkkeen sivuvaikutusten riskit. Kaukomaille matkaaville tuttu esimerkki on malariaprofylaksia: malarialääkitys (esimerkiksi meflokiini) aloitetaan ennen matkaa malaria-alueelle, ja sitä jatketaan matkan ajan ja vielä muutama viikko matkan jälkeenkin. Lääkitys tuo suojaa malariaa vastaan.[2]

Esimerkkeinä lääkkeettömästä profylaksiasta mainittakoon migreenin ehkäisy rentoututumisharjoituksilla tai akupunktiolla. Vastaavasti tukisukkia voidaan käyttää vähentämän alaraajojen turvotusta ja laskimotukosten todennäköisyyttä.[3][4][5][6]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ profylaksi Lääketieteen sanasto/ Duodecim Lääketieteellinen sanasto, terveyskirjasto.fi. Viitattu 8.7.2020.
  2. ↑ Katariina Kainulainen ja Heli Siikamäki: Malarian ehkäisy Matkailijan terveysopas. 15.12.2019. Viitattu 9.7.2020.
  3. ↑ Paola Schiapparelli, Gianni Allais, Ilaria Castagnoli Gabellari, Sara Rolando, Maria Grazia Terzi & Chiara Benedetto: Non-pharmacological Approach to Migraine Prophylaxis: Part II Neurol Sci. 2010 Jun;31 Suppl 1:S137-9. Viitattu 9.7.2020. (englanniksi)
  4. ↑ Holroyd, Kenneth A.; Penzien, Donald B.: Pharmacological versus non-pharmacological prophylaxis of recurrent migraine headache: a meta-analytic review of clinical trials Pain: July 1990 - Volume 42 - Issue 1 - p 1-13. Viitattu 9.7.2020. (englanniksi)
  5. ↑ Alaraajojen laskimovajaatoiminta Käypä hoito -suositus, kaypahoito.fi. 15.11.2016. Viitattu 9.7.2020.
  6. ↑ Hanison, E., & Corbett, K.: Non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention of venous thromboembolism: a literature review. Nursing Standard, 31(8), 48-57. 2016. Viitattu 9.7.2020. (englanniksi)

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