Place de la République

Place de la République.
Aukion pohjoislaidalla sijaitseva entinen kasarmi Caserne Vérines.
Tasavallan muistomerkki.

Place de la République (suom. Tasavallan aukio) on suorakulmainen aukio Pariisissa 3., 10. ja 11. arrondissementin rajalla. Sen pinta-ala on 3,3 hehtaaria, ja se on yksi Pariisin suurimmista aukioista.[1] Aukiolla risteävät seuraavat bulevardit ja muut kadut: Boulevard du Temple, Boulevard Saint-Martin, Boulevard Magenta, Boulevard Voltaire, Avenue de la République, Rue du Temple, Rue René-Boulanger, Rue Léon-Jouhaux ja Rue du Faubourg-du-Temple.[2]

Place de la Républiquen paikalla sijaitsi aiemmin 1300-luvulla rakennettuun niin sanottuun Kaarle V:n kaupunginmuuriin kuulunut Templen portti.[1] Aukio syntyi vuonna 1854, kun Pariisin asemakaavaa uudistettiin paroni Haussmannin suunnitelmien mukaan. Aukion nimi oli alkujaan place du Château-d’eau. Sen pohjoissivua reunustavat arkkitehti Gabriel Davioudin suunnittelemat entiset kasarmi- ja liikerakennukset.[2] Valokuvauksen pioneerin Louis Daguerren kuuluisa dioraamateatteri sekä Alexandre Dumas’n vuonna 1847 perustama Théâtre-Lyrique sijaitsivat aikanaan Place de la Républiquen luona. Vuonna 2013 valmistuneissa muutoksissa aukion jalankulkualuetta laajennettiin.[2][1]

Aukiolla järjestettiin suuria mielenilmauksia tammikuussa 2015 Charlie Hebdon terrori-iskun jälkeen ja uudelleen marraskuussa 2015 Pariisin terrori-iskujen jälkeen. Tammikuussa 2016 aukiolle sijoitettiin iskujen uhreille omistettu muistolaatta.[2]

Tasavallan muistomerkki

Aukion keskellä on vuonna 1883 pystytetty Tasavallan muistomerkki (Monument à la République), jonka ovat suunnitelleet kuvanveistäjäveljekset Léopold ja Charles Morice. Ranskan tasavaltaa symboloiva Marianne-patsas on 9,5 metriä korkea ja seisoo 15,5 metriä korkealla jalustalla. Sen kolme suurta jalustahahmoa edustavat vapautta, veljeyttä ja tasa-arvoa. Jalustan alaosassa on kaksitoista pronssireliefiä, jotka kuvaavat Ranskan tasavaltaisen historian merkittäviä tapahtumia vuoden 1789 vallankumouksesta alkaen.[2]

Ennen nykyistä patsasta paikalla on ollut kaksikin suihkulähdettä. Ensimmäinen, vuonna 1811 valmistunut suihkulähde tunnettiin nimellä Château d’Eau (”vesilinna”), ja koko aukio sai alkuperäisen nimensä sen mukaan. Jälkimmäinen, Davioudin vuonna 1875 suunnittelema suihkulähde siirrettiin sittemmin place Félix-Ébouélle.[2][1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d Place de la République (englanniksi) Parismarais.com. Viitattu 214.2016.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f La place de la République (ranskaksi) Paris1900. Viitattu 21.4.2016.

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