Mstislav Rostropovitš

Mstislav Rostropovitš esiintymässä vuonna 1978.

Mstislav Leopoldovitš Rostropovitš (ven. Мстислав Леопольдович Ростропович, ääntämys: [rəstrɐˈpovʲɪtɕ]; 27. maaliskuuta 1927 Baku – 27. huhtikuuta 2007 Moskova) oli venäläinen, Yhdysvalloissa asunut sellisti ja kapellimestari. Häntä pidetään yhtenä aikansa merkittävimmistä soittimensa taitajistalähde?.

Rostropovitš opiskeli sellonsoittoa aluksi muusikkoisänsä ohjauksessa ja piti ensikonserttinsa jo 1942. Moskovan konservatoriossa hän opiskeli muun muassa Dmitri Šostakovitšin ja Sergei Prokofjevin oppilaana 1943–1948. Edellinen omistikin sellokonserttojaan Rostropovitšille.

Hän oli kirjailija Aleksandr Solženitsynin ystävä ja antoi tälle turvapaikan kodissaan. Tämä ärsytti viranomaisia, ja Rostropovitšin ja hänen vaimonsa matkustamista rajoitettiin. Poliittisten mielipiteidensä vuoksi hän lähti maanpakoon 1974 ja sai Yhdysvaltojen kansalaisuuden, ilmoittaen palaavansa kotimaahansa vasta kun saa täyden taiteellisen vapauden toimia siellä. Neuvostoliiton romahdettua hän sai sitten Venäjän kansalaisuuden. Rostropovitš oli tunnettu ihmisoikeusaktivisti, joka muun muassa esiintyi Berliinin muurilla sen murtuessa.[1]

Rostropovitš työskenteli vuosina 1977–1994 Washingtonissa Yhdysvaltain kansallisorkesterin kapellimestarina ja musiikillisena johtajana. Orkesterinjohtamisessa hän ei saanut samanlaista menestystä kuin solistina. Parhaiten hän onnistui Prokofjevin, Šostakovitšin ja Schnittken teosten johtamisessa.[1] Samalla hän jatkoi uraansa solistina ja esiintyi muun muassa Svjatoslav Richterin ja Vladimir Horowitzin kanssa.

Rostropovitš oli naimisissa venäläisen sopraanon Galina Višnevskajan kanssa. Heillä on kaksi lasta.[1]

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