Lohkojako

Tämä artikkeli käsittelee vanhaa maanjakotapaa. Kiinteistötoimituksesta nimeltään lohkominen on eri artikkeli.

Lohkojako on suomalaisessa maanviljelyksessä käytetyn maan historiallisesti vanhin tunnettu maankäyttömenetelmä. Pisimpään se oli käytössä harvaan asutuilla alueilla Itä- ja Pohjois-Suomessa, joissa ei pääsääntöisesti muodostunut kyläyhteisöjä. Maan tiheämmin asutuissa osissa viljelysmaa jaettiin sarkajaolla. Molemmat menetelmät korvautuivat 1700-luvulta lähtien isojaolla.

Lohkojaossa peltomaa koostui epäsäännöllisen muotoisista pienistä peltotilkuista, joita talot olivat raivanneet ja joita ne viljelivät yksityisesti.[1]

Lohkojako saattoi olla käytössä jo 600-800-luvuilla. Peltomaa raivattiin kyläläisten yhteisiltä mailta ja pellot olivat lohkojaon alkuaikoina kylän yhteisomistuksessa. Jossain vaiheessa käytännöksi tuli se, että peltojen lohkojen omistuksesta sovittiin kyläläisten kesken. Myöhemmin käyttöön tuli virallinen maajako. Lohkojaon aikoihin kerättiin "pakanallista koukkuveroa", joka perustui kyntämisessä käytettyyn auraan.[2]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Historiallisen maatalouden maanjaot 2004. Helsingin yliopisto, kansatieteiden laitos. Arkistoitu 17.2.2020. Viitattu 3.7.2022.
  2. ↑ Seppo Liukko: Pakanallinen suomalainen lohkojako Liukko historiaa. 2005-2008. Arkistoitu 29.11.2022. Viitattu 6.11.2022.
Maanjaot Suomessa
Maanjako
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