Laasti

Laastia ämpärissä

Laasti on jostakin sideaineesta, tavallisesti sammutetusta kalkista tai sementistä, hiekasta ja vedestä valmistettu seos, jota käytetään sitomaan muurikiviä toisiinsa sekä seinä-, perustus- ja kattopintojen rappausoikaisussa, tasoituksessa ja viimeistelyssä. Laastia voidaan käyttää myös erilaiseen kiinnitykseen (esimerkiksi lattia- tai seinälaattojen kiinnitykseen) sekä moneen muuhun rakennustyöhön.

Tyypillisesti laasti valmistetaan työmaalla sekoittamalla kuiva-aine (sementti ja sideaine) veteen. Laastin valmistamista käsin hyvänlaatuisesta hienorakeisesta hiekasta ja muuraussementistä (yhdistelmä sementtiä ja sammutettua kalkkia) ei harjoiteta nykyään juuri käytännössä, sillä muuraussementin valmistus on hiipunut viime vuosina. Sen voisi käsityönä edelleen tehdä itse kalkin ja sementin sopivasta yhdistelmästä. Laastin sekoittamiseen käytetään tyypillisesti joko vahvaan porakoneeseen kiinnitettävää laastivispilää tai erillistä laastinsekoittajakonetta tai jopa perinteistä betonimyllyä.

Laasteja nimitetään sideaineen mukaan kalkki-, hydraulinen kalkki-, kalkkisementti-, sementti-, muuraussementti-, kipsi- ja kipsikalkkilaasteiksi. Runkoaineen perusteella laasteja nimitetään hienolaasteiksi, karkealaasteiksi ja roiskerappauslaasteiksi. Perinteiset laastit, joissa ei ole erityisiä lisäkiintoaineita sisäisen rakenteen vahvistamiseen (kuten mm. ns. kuitulaasteissa), on koettu edelleen monissa erityisesti restaurointikohteissa turvallisiksi ja aikaa kestäviksi. Kuitenkin erikoislaasteista ei ole julkaistu luotettavia vanhentamistesteja 50/100 vuoden ennusteeksi.

Lähteet

  • Facta 2001 s. 523

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