Kynopolis (Keski-Egypti)

Kynopolis
Κυνόπολις
Aa18
Z1		 D28D53X1
O49
Sijainti

Kynopolis
Koordinaatit 28°28′46″N, 30°46′58″E
Valtio Egypti
Paikkakunta Al Qays (Al-Qeis, El-Qeis), Bani Mazar, Al-Minya
Historia
Tyyppi kaupunki
Kulttuuri antiikki
Valtakunta muinaisen Egyptin dynastiat
Ptolemaiosten valtakunta
Rooman valtakunta
Bysantin valtakunta
Alue Kynopolites, Heptanomis, Egypti
Aiheesta muualla

Kynopolis Commonsissa

Kynopolis (m.kreik. Κυνόπολις eli Κυνων πόλις, Kynōn polis, ”Koirakaupunki”; lat. Cynopolis) eli Saka (egypt. Sꜣk, kopt. Ⲕⲁⲓⲥ, Ⲕⲟⲉⲓⲥ) oli kaupunki muinaisessa Egyptissä. Se sijaitsi Keski-Egyptissä eli Heptanomiissa ja kuului Kynopoliteen nomokseen, jonka pääkaupunki se oli. Kaupungin pääjumala oli koiranpäinen Anubis.[1][2][3][4][5]

Maantiede

Kaupunki sijaitsi lähellä nykyistä Al Qaysia (Al-Qeis, El-Qeis) Niilin länsirannalla. Klaudios Ptolemaioksen mukaan kaupunki oli rakennettu joessa olleelle saarelle. Kynopoliteen nomos ulottui joen kummallekin puolelle.[3][6]

Kaupunkia ei tule sekoittaa toiseen, vähemmän merkitykselliseen Kynopolikseen, joka sijaitsi Ala-Egyptissä.[1]

Historia

Kynopoliin historiasta tiedetään vain yksittäisiä mainintoja. Nubian varakuningas Pinehesy tuhosi kaupungin faarao Ramses XI:n aikana, ja sen henkiinjääneet asukkaat orjuutettiin.[3] Myöhemmin kaupungilla oli jossakin määrin huonot välit naapureidensa kanssa. Plutarkhos kertoo, että kun eräs kynopolislainen söi oksyrhynkhoslaisen kalan, oksyrhynkhoslaiset alkoivat hyökkäillä kostoksi koiria kohtaan. Tämä johti pienimuotoiseen sisällissotaan.[3][7]

Plinius vanhemmalla esiintyy kaupunki nimeltä Canum, joka oli todennäköisesti sama paikka.[1][8] Kynopoliin asukkaasta käytettiin etnonyymiä Kynopolitēs (Κυνοπολίτης).[1]

Varhaiskristillisellä ajalla Kynopolis oli piispanistuin. Kynopoliin hiippakunta on ollut vuodesta 1933 katolinen titulaaripiispan istuin nimeltä Cynopolis in Aegypto.[3]

Rakennukset ja löydökset

Kynopoliihin liittyen on löydetty koirien hautausmaa joen toiselta puolelta.[3]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d Smith, William: ”Cynopolis”, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1854. Teoksen verkkoversio. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ Kynopolis/Sko/Euergetis Pleiades. Viitattu 19.10.2020.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Kynopolis/Sko/Euergetis (Egypt) 7 as-Qays - Κυνών πόλις ToposText. Viitattu 19.10.2020.
  4. ↑ Kynopolis (El-Qeis) Trismegistos. Viitattu 19.10.2020.
  5. ↑ Klaudios Ptolemaios: Geografia 4.5; Strabon: Geografika 17.812.
  6. ↑ Cynopolis, Cynopolites Brill's New Pauly. Brill. Viitattu 19.10.2020.
  7. ↑ Plutarkhos: Isiksestä ja Osiriksesta 72.
  8. ↑ Plinius vanhempi: Naturalis historia 5.11.

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