Hanhet

Hanhet
Merihanhia (Anser anser)
Merihanhia (Anser anser)
Tieteellinen luokittelu
Domeeni: Aitotumaiset Eucarya
Kunta: Eläinkunta Animalia
Pääjakso: Selkäjänteiset Chordata
Alajakso: Selkärankaiset Vertebrata
Luokka: Linnut Aves
Lahko: Sorsalinnut Anseriformes
Heimo: Sorsat Anatidae
Alaheimo: Hanhet
Anserinae
Vigors, 1825
Suvut
Katso myös

  Hanhet Wikispeciesissä
  Hanhet Commonsissa

Hanhet (Anserinae) on sorsien (Anatidae) heimon alaheimo. Hanhien alaheimoon kuuluvat varsinaiset hanhet ja joutsenet.

Kesyhanhi on merihanhen kesytetty muoto. Kyhmyhanhi on joutsenhanhen kesytetty muoto.

Ulkonäkö

Hanhet ovat suurikokoisia, voimakasrakenteisia ja pitkäkaulaisia sorsalintuja. Niiden vahvat jalat sijaitsevat ruumiin keskikohdassa, joten ne pystyvät kävelemään maalla helposti. Hanhilla on kiilanmuotoinen nokka, ja ylänokan reunassa on hammastus.[1]

Elintavat

Hanhet kerääntyvät erityisesti muuttoaikoihin ja talvisin suuriksi parviksi. Hanhet ovat kasvinsyöjiä ja ruokailevat pääasiassa laiduntamalla. Hanhien pesä on maassa, ja se on pehmustettu untuvilla.[1]

Suomesta tavatut lajit

Vuosittain pesivät lajit

Suomessa pesivät hanhet, niiden pesimäkanta-arviot kuuden vuoden EU-raportointikaudelta 2013–2018 ja uhanalaisuusluokitus[2]
Tietellinen nimi ja järjestys Nimi Vähintään Keskimäärin Enintään Uhanalaisuusluokka
Cygnus cygnus Laulujoutsen 8 600 11 000 12 000 elinvoimainen (LC)
Branta leucopsis Valkoposkihanhi 6 000 7 000 8 000 elinvoimainen (LC)
Cygnus olor Kyhmyjoutsen 4 500 6 800 9 500 elinvoimainen (LC)
Anser anser Merihanhi 3 600 6 600 10 000 elinvoimainen (LC)
Branta canadensis Kanadanhanhi 4 900 5 700 6 300 arviointiin soveltumaton (NA)
Anser fabalis fabalis Taigametsähanhi 1 000 1 700 2 500 vaarantunut (VU)
Anser fabalis rossicus Tundrametsähanhi 25 50 100 erittäin uhanalainen (EN)
Anser erythropus Kiljuhanhi 0 0 5 äärimmäisen uhanalainen (CR)
Anser caerulescens Lumihanhi 0 0 1 arviointiin soveltumaton (NA)

Taigametsähanhi ja tundrametsähanhi ovat metsähanhen alalajeja.

Satunnaisesti pesivät lajit

Arktisilla seuduilla pesiviä, Suomen kautta muuttavia lajeja ovat

Satunnaisvieraana Suomessa on tavattu lisäksi

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b Svensson, Lars: Lintuopas - Euroopan ja Välimeren alueen linnut, s. 16. Otava, 2010. ISBN 978-951-1-21351-2
  2. ↑ Aleksi Lehikoinen, Antti Below, Aili Jukarainen, Toni Laaksonen, Teemu Lehtiniemi, Markku Mikkola-Roos, Jorma Pessa, Ari Rajasärkkä, Pekka Rusanen, Päivi Sirkiä, Juha Tiainen & Jari Valkama: Suomen lintujen pesimäkantojen koot Linnut 2018 -vuosikirja. BirdLife Suomi. Viitattu 22.8.2023.

Aiheesta muualla

  • Harju, Terho 1975: Hanhien massamuutto syksyllä 1974. - Lintumies 4.1975 s. 123-127. SLY.
  • Hästbacka, Hans 1982: Skadskjutna gäss. - Lintumies 1.1982 s. 43. LYL.
  • Pirkola, Matti K. 1980: Hanhien värimerkinnästä. - Lintumies 1.1980 s. 28-34. LYL.
  • Rinne, Juhani 1979: Hanhien määrittämisen vaikeudesta. - Lintumies 1.1979 s. 39-40, LYL.
  • ITIS: Anserinae (englanniksi)
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