Gastronomia

Gastronomia tarkoittaa ensiluokkaisista raaka-aineista valmistettujen ruokien tuntemusta ja niiden valmistamista. Termi merkitsee kirjaimellisesti "vatsan sääntelyn taito tai laki" (kreik. γαστήρ, gaster, 'vatsaan'; kreik. νόμος, nomos, 'lakeja, jotka määräävät'). Gastronomian sanastoon kuuluu runsaasti ranskankielisiä termejä, sillä ruoan arvostuksen ja sen ensiluokkaisen valmistustaidon juuret ovat Ranskassa.[1] Sana voi tarkoittaa myös ruoan ja kulttuurin suhdetta tutkivaa tieteenalaa (tieteellinen gastronomia).[2]

Klassisen gastronomisen järjestyksen historia ulottuu 1800-luvulle. Tuolloin määriteltiin aterian koostuminen eri ruokalajeista, jota tämänkin päivän ateriakokonaisuuksilla hyödynnetään:[1][3]

  • aterian aluksi kevyt, kylmä (ensisijaisesti) tai lämmin ruokahalua herättävä ruokalaji
  • seuraavaksi lämmin keitto tai muu väliruoka
  • pääruoka
  • kevyt väliruoka, juotava tai sorbetti
  • jälkiruoka
  • juustoja
  • aterian päätteeksi hedelmiä

Erityisen huolellisesti ja taidokkaasti valmistettu ruoka on nimeltään gourmet.[4] Hyvän ruoan luonnontieteellistä tutkimusta kutsutaan molekyyligastronomiaksi, ja siihen pohjautuvaa ruoanlaittoa molekyylikokkaukseksi.[5]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b Gastronomiaa Paistinkääntäjät ry.. Viitattu 17.7.2013.
  2. ↑ Gastronomy | Description, History, & Cuisine | Britannica www.britannica.com. Viitattu 21.11.2024. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ Gastroniminen järjestys Paistinkääntäjät ry.. Viitattu 17.7.2013.
  4. ↑ Ruoka-alan vierassanoja Kotus. Viitattu 17.7.2013.[vanhentunut linkki]
  5. ↑ Molekyyligastronomia – kokkausta tieteellisesti 24.3.2009. Tietysti.fi. Arkistoitu 23.10.2014. Viitattu 17.7.2013.

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